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Oral health of yanadi tribe of gonepalli Village, Nellore District, A.P, India: an epidemiological study

Author: 
Sarah Emerald
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Background: The latter part of the twentieth century saw a transformation in both general health and oral health unmatched in history. Yet, despite the remarkable achievements in recent decades, millions of people worldwide have been excluded from the benefits of socioeconomic development and the scientific advances that have improved healthcare and quality of life. Inequalities in oral health persist worldwide, with mainly affected being the deprived population such as the tribals. Assessment of the oral health status and associated behaviours is an essential part of the process of planning appropriate and acceptable health services and dental health education programs in order to improve the dental health status of this population. Hence, an integrated multidisciplinary approach is required to study the tribal health problems. Aim: To provide baseline data about oral health of Yanadi tribe inhabiting Gonepalli village Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the month of December 2014. The data of all the tribal people in the village present during the time of examination was collected by a door to door survey. The data was collected using WHO proforma 1997 by Type III clinical examination. Significance between the variables was determined using Fisher’s exact test. P<0.05 was taken as statistically significant. The data was analyzed using The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, (SPSS) version 20. Results: In a total sample of 233 (100%), males constitute 37.34% (87), females constitute 62.66% (146). Majority of the participants belonged to 35-50 year old age group, 31.3% (73). Decayed teeth (100%) and total DMFT scores (100%) were highest for the 16-24 year age group. Missing teeth were highest in the >50 year age group (56.4%). There were no filled teeth in all the age groups. Calculus was highest in the 25-34 age group (78.2%), shallow (46.2%) and deep pockets (33.3%) were highest in the >50 age group. As the age increased the number of missing teeth and loss of attachment increased. A significant correlation was seen with the method of cleaning i.e., if they use brush, finger or datun, with the material used for cleaning teeth, type of tooth paste used or if they aren’t using tooth paste, with the frequency of changing brush and how often they rinse their mouth after eating (P<0.05). Conclusion: Yanadi tribal population of Gonepalli village, Nellore district are characterized by lack of dental care and poor oral hygiene practices. There was high prevalence of periodontal diseases in adults and old people, decayed component of DMFT is high in children and adults whereas missing component of DMFT is high in older population.

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