A cold start of the universe is proposed where two spherical agglomerates collide. Each agglomerate contains the same amount of densely-packed, basic particles of Planck dimensions. One agglomerate contains “neg” particles with a charge of one-third of the charge of an electron, and the other “pos” particles with a charge of one-third of the charge of a positron. The first particles formed upon collision are very high-energy, static photons consisting of a neg and a pos. By colliding a small part of the photons with 1-3 neg’sor 1-3 pos’s, proto quarks and leptons are formed resulting in the formation of equal amounts of neutral matter and antimatter. The symmetry of proto quark combinations proves a good indicator for the stability of hadrons. In the model photons are dumbbell shaped spinning particles that are essential for the formation of fields. The vector sum of the rotational and the translational velocities of a photon is almost equal to the velocity of light in vacuum. Even the highest energy photons in cosmic gamma rays have a translational velocity very close to this velocity. Both mass and energy are manifestations of the polarisation of photons around bodies which explains their relation.
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