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Table of Contents: Volume 16; Issue 02; February 2024

Life Sciences

  1. Rajashree Chitale and Dr. Aruna Jadeja
    ABSTRACT:

    There are some places on our Earth where people are not approachable to the Sun light. They suffer from some diseases because of absence of Sun light. In such cases prescribed medication helps. At the same time natural resource like Sun with the combination of Mantra Yoga that is chanting Soorya Sukta and Shri Soorya Ashtkam and Soorya Stuti can help. Soorya Sukta has some verses from Rigved can enhance body to absorb required nutrients with its sound frequency effects. Sun Salutation an integral part of Yoga also benefits one to achieve physical, mental and spiritual strength. Performing Sun Salutation with breathing technique and staying in all twelve asanas with retention will be beneficial. Twelve Sun Salutations with breathing and retention technique will always have upper hand regarding benefits of health than Hundreds of Sun Salutation as an exercise. one who is worshipping Sun through Mantra Yoga and Sun Salutation can get benefited. Only medication cannot help one meditation helps body to absorb such medication. So, if one is consuming any medicines for Vitamin D or medicines for deficiency of Sunlight can achieve help with this alternative therapy of Mantra Yoga and Sun Salutation. Once the Sun is available Naturopathy is another complementary medication. In summary it can be said when these three Mantra Yoga, Sun Salutation through Yoga and Naturopathy go together one can achieve the desired Vitamin levels, good health and boosted immunity.

  2. Sneha Malakhed
    ABSTRACT:

    Objective: In this study phytocompounds of spearmint, that are known to have anti-androgenic activity are docked against a protein CYP21A2. This protein is also known as progesterone complex one of member cytochrome P450 enzymes, mutations in the genes encoding these proteins are causative factors of PCOS. Methods: The study was based on a computational using different phytochemicals of spearmint docking to a target protein CYP21A2 which causes hormonal imbalance leading to PCOS and hirsutism. Molecular docking was conducted using PyRx-Virtual Screening Tool and Biovia Discovery Studio 2.0 to determine binding affinities of different phytochemicals to target protein. Results: The docking result revealed that Biocyclogermacrene, cubebol, (-)-beta-Bpurbonene, alpha-bourbonene and spathulenol showed highest binding affinities between -8.1 to -8.5 kcal/mol. Further ADMET properties of these compounds are explored mainly to understand the possibility developing potential drug for PCOS. Conclusion: These bioactive compounds can be considered as potential agents that can used with polyherbal plant extract to reduce the androgen levels in women suffering from PCOS.

  3. Dr. Jahnvi Sharma, Dr. Pinky Bhagat, Dr. Parul Purohit, Sharmila Choudhary and Dr. P.K. Khatri
    ABSTRACT:

    Introduction: Compare to adults, there are relatively few studies on COVID-19 infection in children, preliminary reports suggest that children (≤18 years of age) have relatively lower odds of adverse clinical outcomes associated with COVID-19. Objective: To identify the COVID-19 prevalence in different age groups of paediatric Patients. Materials and Method: This is a retrospective study done in tertiary care hospital of western Rajasthan from march 2021 to June 2021. All children 18 and under who had family or social history of COVID-19 exposure were included in study. ConfIrmation of COVID-19 was done using RT-PCR. Result: Total 18,561 cases of 18yr and below of ages were screened out of which, 395 infants (0-1yr), 798 toddlers (1-3yr), 917 preschoolers (3-5yr), 3633 middle childhood (6-11yr), 3413 young teenagers (12-14yr), 9404 teenagers (15-18yr). Conclusion: The cases of COVID-19 are more among teenagers as compared to other age groups, followed by young teenagers and middle childhood. Though studies shows that minimum reporting of cases from paediatric age group but it is important to be cautious and continue to screen COVID -19 in paediatric age group as this SARS CoV-2 has shown great capability to mutate which leads to generation of new variants which can be detrimental to paediatric population.

  4. Meseret Tsegaye, Adugna Tolera and Ajebu Nurfeta, Aemir Ashagrie and Ermias Kebreab
    ABSTRACT:

    Twenty livestock feed samples were analyzed for chemical composition, in-vitro gas production, gas characteristics, and in-sacco dry matter (DM) degradability. The dried and milled samples (200 mg/ 30 ml) with inoculum were incubated for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 21, 27, 33, 39, 48, 60, 72, and 96 h to determine the in vitro gas and methane production. For in-sacco DM degradability, 300 mg feed samples were incubated in the rumen of fistulated crossbred steers for 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. The crude protein content ranged from 177 to 236 g/kg DM for tree and herbaceous legumes, 88.2 –139 g/kg DM for grasses, and 88 –337 g/kg DM for concentrates. The local distillery by-product (Arekeatela) had the highest neutral content (722 g/kg DM) the lowest for maize grain (204g/kg DM). The readily degradable fraction (a) of tree and herbaceous legume species was highest for Lablab (31.48%) and lowest for pigeon pea (8.6%). From concentrate ingredients, the effective DM degradability was greatest for maize grain (74.8%) and lowest for brewer spent grain (40.7%). Generally, from the study feeds from tree and herbaceous legumes, lablab, vetch, and tree lucerne, grasses desho and Guatemala, concentrate ingredients maize, oat grain, wheat bran, noug seed cake, and cotton seed cake are preferred for supplementation. However, home brewing and distilling by-products, and brewery spent grain have non-negligible values and are used for the strategic supplementation of poor-quality roughage. Further studies are needed to validate their supplementary value and levels of inclusion in animal diets.

  5. Mirosław Mrozkowiak
    ABSTRACT:

    Introduction: The pelvis is part of the skeletal system. It constitutes a pelvic girdle formed by the sacrum, the coccyx bone and the two pelvic bones, the right and left one. During walking, it undergoes fluctuations of angular displacement in the frontal, sagittal and transversal planes. Material and method: The study was carried out in randomly selected kindergartens and schools of urban and rural environments, in Warmian-Masurian and Pomeranian Region among 18946 male individuals aged 3 to 20 years. Tools and subject of the study: A photogrammetric method was used to diagnose the left and right pelvic torsion angle in the transversal plane and the left and right tilt in the frontal plane. Results obtained: An overall analysis including positive and negative relationships shows that KNM- and KNM- ranges from -0.39 to -0.48, KNM- and KSM- from 0.15 to -0.08, KSM- and KSM- from 0.15 to -0.74. Conclusions: 1.The relationships between the angles of pelvic torsion in the transversal plane and tilt in the frontal plane are highly significant. 2. The interrelationships of torsion and pelvic tilt angles should be taken into account in postural error correction programs for ages 3 to 20 years.

  6. Ravindran, C.
    ABSTRACT:

    India is the second largest producer of fruits in the world next to China. Among the different fruit crops, Mango is the national fruit of India and contributing to 51% of world total production till 2022. Various technologies were developed and released by the National Institute and State Agricultural Universities to increase production of Mango for the benefit of farming communities. Among them, off season production of flowering (July-August) and fruiting (December- January) in mango through use of chemicals (Paclobutrazol) is practiced by the farmer to get remunerative price for produce. The chemical not only reduce soil microbial count and also reduce the longevity of fruit tree. The nature is given in India to harvest mango fruits from beginning of February to October in different states. The only three months (Nov-January) consumer unable to get mangoes which is also possible through unusual phenomenon of regular off-season crop at Kanyakumari (the southernmost tip of the Indian peninsula) has been attributed to the influence of the fairly well distributed rainfall of the area. Hence, the off season production technology in mango is against nature and forcing the tree to bear two crops per year which is expecting like two children per year.

Physical Sciences and Engineering

  1. Thomas Anthony Awolowo and Dada Samuel Ayokunle
    ABSTRACT:

    Introduction: Studies have shown that abnormal body weight can lead to fertility problems in women. The effect of body mass index (BMI) on female infertility has not been studied in this environment. Aims and Objectives: To find out the association of BMI with primary and secondary infertility among infertile women in a sub-Saharan African city. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study which included 112 infertile women (18-45 years) was carried out at a private diagnostic centre in Ado-Ekiti. Data on socio-demographics and other relevant information were collected. Primary and secondary infertility were classified based on the World Health Organization's definitions of infertility. The patient’s weight and height were used to calculate the BMI and reported in kg/m2. Results: More than two third of the participants (70.5%), had secondary infertility and 33 (29.5%) had primary infertility. The majority of the infertile women were overweight (41.1%) while 33.9% had normal BMI and 20.5% and 4.5% were obese and underweight respectively. Overall women with secondary infertility had significantly higher BMIs, than women with primary infertility. Conclusion: There is an increased risk of infertility among women with a BMI ≥ 25.00 and most of these women had secondary infertility. Evaluation of weight and treatment of obesity should be considered as part of treatment in obese and overweight women with infertility as this may improve the outcome. Precautionary measures including lifestyle modification may also go a long way in reducing the risk of infertility associated with abnormal body weight.

  2. Mohmmad Asif Wani, Shafat Ahmad Banday, Aalia Farooq, Javaid Ahmad Dar, Ejaz Ahmad Parry, Mohsin Ahmad Hajam and Syed Towseef Ahmad
    ABSTRACT:

    An effect of fruit bagging, reflective mulch and foliar potassium spray on quality of apple cv. Fuji Zehn Aztec was studied in high density Apple block of Division of Fruit Science, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar during 2016-2017. Treatments consisted of fruit bagging done at two time periods (4 and 6 weeks after petal fall), reflective mulch at two different widths (100cm and 75 cm), potassium sulphte spray at two concentrations (0.50% and 0.75%) and the all 4 combinations of reflective mulch and potassium sulphate spray, constituting total 11 treatments. The results revealed that fruit size and yield did not show any significant effect by any treatment, however the improvements with respect to total sugars, ascorbic acid, TSS, TSS: acid ratio and organoleptic rating were observed by all the treatments over control. Fruit firmness and acidity were decreased by all the treatments as compared to control. On overall basis the treatment consisting of potassium sulphate spray@0.75% + polyethylene reflective mulch (100cm) proved to be most appreciating wherein figures regarding fruit weight (178.20g ), total sugars (15.04 %), ascorbic acid ( 5.97 mg/100g), TSS (18.80 %), TSS: acid ratio (89.52) and organoleptic rating (3.80/5) were above the values as recorded under other treatments. The study indicated that Fuji apple showed positive responses to application of fruit bagging, reflective mulch and foliar potassium spray in enhancing the fruit biochemical characters.

  3. GBAGUIDI Vital Ezéchiel, DOHOU Modeste Crescence and AHODEKON Cyriaque C.S.
    ABSTRACT:

    Gender and gender equality issues are a current concern in Africa. They raise different perspectives and interpretations and go beyond the simple biological distinction between man and woman. Gender is influenced by factors such as culture, society, history, social norms. Indeed, from its first moments of socialization, the individual is assimilated to sexual behaviors established and imposed by the social norms of his environment. Family education is one of the vectors of reproduction of these beliefs, opinions and knowledge. It is in this dispute that this study is conducted to analyze the impact of sociocultural realities on family education and its impact on gender-related social representations among students of the National Institute of Physical and Sports Education (INEPS) and the Faculty of Letters, Languages, Arts, and Communications (FLLAC) in the commune of Adjarra in Benin. The documentary research, the questionnaire and the interviews formed the basis of the research methodology. Analysis of the data reveals that socio-cultural norms create gender roles and stereotypes that are transmitted from parents to children through family education. Therefore, the education received by these students has a negative effect on their representations of gender. It is then the sum of opinions, knowledge and beliefs specific to a culture, a category or a social group and related to objects of the social environment.

  4. Vikas Singh Jat, M.A.
    ABSTRACT:

    Introduction: This systematic literature review explores the relationship between academic procrastination and student well-being, highlighting the complex dynamics affecting depression, stress, self-esteem, self-regulation, and life satisfaction. Method: A PRISMA-based systematic literature review of academic articles published between 1995 and 2023 from platforms including Google Scholar, ISI, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Research Gate, and many more investigates the reciprocal impact of impact of academic procrastination and student well-being. The selection of scholarly publications was based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevance to the study's objectives and the availability of a solid theoretical framework were inclusion criteria. I conducted a thorough search of academic databases, identifying twenty-seven relevant studies that met our inclusion criteria. Discussion: The extensive body of research presented in the collected studies sheds light on the intricate relationship between academic procrastination and various psychological factors, emphasizing its global relevance across diverse cultural and educational contexts. According to studies, the wellbeing of students is reciprocally connected with academic procrastination. Conclusion: All studies collectively contribute to a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted aspects and the reciprocal impact of academic procrastination, considering its relationships with self-efficacy, test anxiety, academic stress, emotion regulation, perfectionism, subjective well-being, and overall mental health across different cultural and educational contexts.

  5. Dr. Khyati Sharma and Prof. Agashe, C.D.
    ABSTRACT:

    The objective of the present study was to assess the functional mobility of male and female elderly subjects residing in high-altitude regions of India. The study was performed on 300 elderly males and 300 elderly females between the age range of 60 to 70 years residing in Tehri, Uttarakhand. The selected elderly subjects were chosen purposively and none have any history of serious medical illness. To assess the problems of functional mobility of the selected subjects, a pre-validated functional mobility scale was developed. The reliability and validity of this scale were established through valid statistical measures. The items in this scale addressed the problem of lying to sitting, sitting to lying, sitting to standing, standing, gait, timed walk and functional reach. Scores above 13 show that the subject has no problems related to functional mobility, scores between 10-13 denote mild functional mobility problems, scores between 6-9 denote moderate functional mobility problems and scores below 6 denote severe functional mobility problems. Functional mobility in 21.4% of elderly subjects was found to be severely compromised. The results also showed that the problems of functional mobility are almost the same in both groups that have elderly males and elderly females. It was concluded that the problems of functional mobility in the majority of elderly males and females are not severe.

Health Sciences

  1. Dr. Sk Wasim Nawaz, Dr. Rajesh Khan, Dr. Sankar Nath Jha, Dr. Ramaprasad Roy and Dr. Indra Datta
    ABSTRACT:

    Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is the most common giant cell lesion in the oral cavity, also called “Giant cell Epulis”. PGCG does not represent a true neoplasm, thought to be a reactive hyperplastic lesion which is believed to be stimulated by local irritation or trauma. This paper presents two cases of PGCG. One PGCG is in the esthetic zone of the upper jaw of a 38 years old female patient. In the second case, the PGCG in the right mandibular molar teeth region of a 36 years old female patient. These case reports contains clinical, radiological, histopathological findings as well as diagnosis, treatment & follow-up after total excision.

  2. Dr. Suryakanth Malgikar and Dr. Madanika P
    ABSTRACT:

    Traumatic injuries to teeth are common in children. Due to trauma, the teeth become luxated or sometimes avulsed. These teeth are to be repositioned and stabilized using splints but splinting in children is more complicated because of the mixed dentition. This article presents two case reports where there were traumatic injuries to anterior teeth and they were stabilized using a commonly followed splinting technique, the acid-etch composite wire splinting.

  3. Dr. Mandeep Kaur and Dr. Gunveen Kaur
    ABSTRACT:

    Erythrocyte inclusions are seen in many hematological disorders, both benign and malignant. Some of the common hematological disorders are anemias, which often have vague and frequently overlapping symptoms. Erythrocyte inclusions may be pathological evidence of specific diseases or disorders when interpreted within the context of presenting clinical symptoms and signs. Characterizing and identifying RBC inclusions can provide or support the diagnosis of various clinical conditions. The main aim of this review is to study the morphological characteristics, staining patterns, and clinical correlation of the most common erythrocyte inclusions.

  4. Athira. S., Dr. Arun Pratap, Dr. Lekshmi. R. and Dr. Shan Sasidharan
    ABSTRACT:

    Mahachaitasa Ghrita is an Ayurvedic polyherbal ghee preparation mainly indicated for Sarvachetovikara (all disorders of mind), especially Unmada (Insanity) and Apasmara (Epilepsy) and it is an effective drug for this condition. Continuous administration of any medications may lead to some adverse effects on the body. So it is necessary to assess the toxicity of Ayurvedic formulations. Here in this study, 6 rats were administered Mahachaitasa Ghrita for 14 consecutive days and assessed in-life observation of rats, change in body weight, food intake, and water intake. Haematological and biochemical parameters were assessed before and after the study. The histopathology of the Liver and Kidneys were also analyzed. The in-life observation and other general observations showed no adverse effects after a 14-day pretreatment with Mahachaitasa Ghrita. Haematological and biochemical parameters had shown significant improvement in all parameters in the rats. The histopathology of the liver and kidney showed only mild changes. So we can suggest that Mahachaitasa Ghrita could be a safe drug for a 14-day administration at a dose of 4.93 g/kg in Wistar Albino rats.

  5. Mahesh Dave, Avinash Sharma, Deepanshu Singla, Shubhangi Gupta and Anubha Sukhwal
    ABSTRACT:

    Background: Dengue fever caused by dengue virus can unlikely present as various organ manifestations including purpura fulminans and peripheral gangrene. Case report: We report a case of 18 year old female with purpura fulminans with symmetrical peripheral impending gangrene secondary to DIC following dengue infection. Patient admitted in medicine ICU with complain of fever, headache, malaise, generalised erythematous rashes. On day4 patient developed blackening of both hand and feet. On detailed clinical examination and relevant investigation ,after excluding all the other causes ,we found that the cause of purpura fulminans was dengue fever. Discussion: Purpura fulminans is a rare presentation of dengue fever and can be fatal. So its early identification is crucial for timely management. We managed our patient with LMWH (Enoxaparin), Aspirin and FFP and patient was dramatically improved. Conclusion: Purpura fulminans in dengue fever associated with DIC is very rare. It can lead to significant morbidity and mortality and can be fatal. By prompt diagnosis and appropriate management we can save the life of patient.

  6. Ankita Sharma, Dr. Shailendra Chauhan and Dr. Radha
    ABSTRACT:

    Drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) can be a serious concern for both patients and clinicians. DIGO is a well-documented side-effect of some pharmacologic agents, including, but not limited to, calcium channel blockers, phenytoin, and cyclosporine. Plasma cell granulomas (pseudotumors) are exceedingly rare, non-neoplastic, reactive tumor-like proliferation, primarily composed of plasma cells that manifest primarily in the lungs, but may occur in various anatomic locations. Intraoral plasma cell granulomas involving the lip, oral mucosa, tongue, and gingiva have been reported in the past. This is the first case report of amlodipine induced plasma cell granuloma of the gingiva in the medical literature presenting a 54 year-old female patient with hypertension, who received amlodipine (10 mg/day, single dose orally) for 15 month , sought medical attention because of developing maxillary anterior massive gingival overgrowth causing functional and esthetic problem, which was treated by excisional biopsy. Histologically, these lesions were composed of mature plasma cells, showing polyclonality for both lambda and kappa light chains and fibrovascular connective tissue stroma confirming a diagnosis of plasma cell granuloma. This case also highlights the need to biopsy for unusual lesions to rule out potential

  7. Elom, P.O., Una, A.F.I. and Onwasigwe, C.N.
    ABSTRACT:

    The study focused on the Introduction: Butchers including donkey butchers are among the high risk groups of HBV infection, which impacts high economic, morbidity and mortality challenges to the infected. As a silent killer disease that exists more in chronic form, the infected butchers and herders can transmit to unsuspected persons. There were many consumers of donkey meat in Ebonyi State, who also served as distribution points to other neighbouring states. Hepatitis B virus infection is regarded as the 4th biggest killer among the world’s infectious diseases with 1.2 million deaths per year, after tuberculosis (3 million), diarrhoeal diseases (3.2 million) and acute respiratory infections (4.3 million) due to complications arising from liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Various National surveys found 11.2% Nigerians chronically living with hepatitis B virus infection. In Ebonyi State, a prevalence of 8.9% has been documented among sexually active youths. Objective: This was to study the knowledge, risk factors and prevalence of HBV infection among donkey butchers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a mixed method cross-sectional study using a systematic sampling method to select 125 respondents in four donkey markets from three senatorial districts of Ebonyi State. Data collection was carried out using semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussion (FGD) and key informant interviews (KII).Serological test was also done for identification of HBV surface antigen which indicated reaction to HBV infection using high sensitive HBV Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay test kits;use of semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaires to quantify respondents’ HBV knowledge and practices within the donkey markets. Thereafter, qualitative data were collected through focus group discussions and key informant interviews to support the findings of the quantitative data. Quantitative data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS Statistics version 26.0 and Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet version 2013. Chi-square, Student t-test and multivariate logistic regressions were computed with level of significance set at p<0.05, while qualitative data were analyzed by manual Content Analysis using predetermined thematic areas. Results: Showed that mean age as at last birth day (Mean ±SD) was42.5±15.8. Majority of the donkey butchers had poor HBV knowledge109 (87.2%) which was corroborated by the qualitative aspects of FGD and KII. Majority of the herders have spent more than 10 years in the market while very few were found to have had any piercing or cut or head injuries, any other wounds or accidents while working in donkey markets. Prevalence of HBV infection among donkey butchers was 8.0%. Only duration of stay was found to be associated with prevalence of HBV (p=0.047).

  8. Dr. Andrew Hutson, Obena Vanlewin, Ave Abraham, Charlan Abrams, Dr. Cecil Boston, Dr. Travis Braithwaite, Dr. Stefan Hutson and Dr. Dason Mc Kenzie, Daniel Dass
    ABSTRACT:

    Background: In the challenging realm of health-science education, a rigorous curriculum, combined with the expectations to thrive in a fiercely competitive environment, affects students' academic performance, physical health, and psychological well-being. Objective(s): This paper embarks on an exploration of mental health within the University of Guyana; College of Medical Sciences, contextualizing it within a global landscape of stress, anxiety, and depression that afflicts aspiring healthcare professionals. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the researchers investigated the correlation between student concerns and mental health. They utilized Google Forms to administer Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale questionnaires to 265 participants. The modified scale included 9 items rated on a five-point Likert scale, achieving a post-administration Cronbach alpha score of 0.854. Psychological distress was defined as scores below 26 out of 45. Chi-squared tests were employed to examine associations between worries and indicators of psychological distress, such as sleep disturbance and university studies. Additionally, Chi-squared tests were used to assess connections between students' requests for support and their mental well-being scale category. Statistical analyses were conducted with a 95% confidence interval and a significance level of p < 0.05, including odds ratios to explore relationships between reported sleep disturbance, worries, and daily living or university activities. Results: The chi-square tests revealed a significant correlation between students seeking support from academic staff and concerns about finances (X² = 9.085, df=1, p< 0.003), as well as between sleep disturbance and listed worries among students (X² = 20.647, df=1, p< 0.001). Students who worried about finances were found to be 2 times more likely to require support from academic staff compared to their counterparts (OR: 2.0944, CI: 1.2909 to 3.3983, z statistic: 2.994, Significance level P = 0.0028). Those reporting interference with daily living activities and university studies due to worries were 3 times more likely to experience sleep disturbance (OR: 3.0421, CI: 1.8699 to 4.9492, Z statistic: 4.481, Significance level P < 0.0001). Normality was confirmed through a Shapiro-Wilk test using the modified questionnaire (Test statistic W= 0.993, df: 289, p-value: 0.175). An independent sample t-test comparing mean scores on a Warwick-Edinburgh mental health well-being test showed a significant difference between those who worry about university studies and those who do not t (5.676), df= 287, p<0.001) with a large effect size (d=0.839). Conclusions: The research highlights the pressing necessity for specific interventions aimed at tackling psychological distress and easing concerns among students in health science.

  9. Snehasis Bhunia, A., Bonny Bhunia, B. and Anuradha Iyer Rajan, C.
    ABSTRACT:

    Integrated Approach of Yoga Therapy (IAYT) is a holistic healing approach to maintain optimum health using simple, safe, and doable practices. These practices include breathing & physical exercise, asanas, pranayama, kriyas, meditation, science of emotion culture,special yogic techniques and sattvic food. Yogic counselling, diet and lifestyle modification is an integral and essential component of IAYT. Subject must get up early in the morning, must go for walking, running & jogging, must go for pranayama, yoga asanas, must take balanced and natural food, must attend evening prayer, and must stop taking alcohol, must be kept away from cigarette smoking, and keeping to baccoin their mouth and must think for sound sleep regularly. Therefore, blood circulation gets improved, cells will get adequate nutrition including vitamins & oxygen regularly resulting normal functions of the organs would be maintained which is most essential to combat cancer. People do not want to spend time for their health, busy with running for money. People know about stress, can understand anxiety, obesity but never try to follow the principle of healthy life. We have many organs, made up by millions and millions of cells which are controlled by the nervous system and endocrine systems but sometimes these control systems are unable to regulate all cells in our body due to lack of taking exercise, yoga, pranayama, meditation, and lack of taking bad food (unhealthy diet). We must know ourselves, must follow yogic life, must do the work according to time and must respect others may be juniors or may be seniors.Hence, Tobacco use, alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and air pollution are risk factors for cancer. If so, all electrophysiological mechanisms will work normally, metabolic homeostasis will be maintained, mitochondrial injury would be less, production of ROS will be also minimum, and we will have healthy life. All cells will start working normally, no single cell will be functioning & multiplying rapidly, no mutation with the cell takes place and we can survive long. Positive attitude will bring happiness in our life, never be threatened with cancer or can belong peaceful life with cancer also.

  10. Hema J. Shobhane, Parth Parekh and Manu Shukla
    ABSTRACT:

    Background and Objective: The Bartholin’s gland cysts and abscesses are one of the most common vulva cyst or abscesses in gynaecological practice. Symptomatic cases have a negative impact on their quality of life. Surgical drainage using the Word catheter application or marsupialization is the treatment of choice in the management of Bartholin’s gland abscess. The aim of the study was to compare the results of the patients who underwent Foley Catheter no. 8 or Marsupialization due to Bartholin cyst or abscesses. Material and Methods: A retrospective cohort study conducted in M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi. All women aged above who suffered from Bartholin’s gland abscess between the years 2014 and 2023 and were treated by means of the Foley’s catheter no. 8 application or Marsupialization were included in the study. The surgical management is chosen according to each surgeon’s preference. Result: Out of 186 women, 121 (65.05%) were treated by the Foley’s catheter no. 8 application and 65 (34.95%) by Marsupialization. The mean age of the patients was 32.56±10.35yrs in the Marsupialization group and 30.10±11.33yrs in the Foley’s catheter no. 8 group. E.coli was the most common pathogen 40.58% in the Foley’s catheter no. 8 group while 26.47% in the Marsupialization group. Mean admission to discharge time in Foley Catheter no. 8 group 60-90 min in comparision to 24.5hr in Marsupialization group. Conclusion: Both the Word catheter application and marsupialization are appropriate and safe when treating Bartholin’s gland abscess. The duration of hospital stay is shortened in Foley Catheter group.

  11. Dr. Bishnupriya Mohanty
    ABSTRACT:

    Healthy hair can boost self-esteem but also plays a vital role in other aspects of good health. Indralupta is a kshudraroga as classified by Sushruta Samhita it is an ailment characterized by patches of hair loss and affects the hair-bearing skin including the beard and scalp area. The hair loss has a different pattern where the tufts of hair tend to fall out in a short time span. Indralupta can be compared with Alopecia areata an autoimmune disease in contemporary science.1 This case study aims to assess the role of Jalaukavacharana and Karanjadi Taila in managing Indralupta.

  12. Dr. Hemant Mahur, Dr. Bhanu Prakash, Dr. Neha Jain and Dr. Dheeraj Mittal
    ABSTRACT:

    Background: Scrub typhus is endemic in the various parts of the world and especially in the Indian subcontinent. renal abscess are largely unknown in scrub typhus. These can be a source of persistent abdominal pain. Clinical Description: A 38-year-old male presented with a 4-day history of fever, loose stools, respiratory distress, and abdominal pain. On examination, he was febrile, had tachypnea, tachycardia, and facial puffiness. Acute febrile illness to differentials of tropical infections (dengue, scrub typhus, enteric fever, and malaria). Management: Dengue, enteric fever, and malaria were ruled out on investigations. Scrub IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was positive. Ultrasound of the abdomen showed renal anechoic lesions suggestive of abscess. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) confirmed the findings. Blood and urine culture was sterile The final diagnosis was scrub typhus with renal abscess. His symptoms resolved with doxycycline therapy. Conclusion: Involvement of the renal abscess is a rare complication in scrub typhus and can lead to persisting abdominal symptoms. Renal abscess is not a well-known complication in patients of scrub typhus; hence, it may lead to under diagnosis of the condition. An abdominal ultrasound or if required, CT scan of the abdomen might be needed in cases with persistent abdominal symptoms to rule out this rare complication

  13. Baguio, Apple Joy P., Sabornido, Elna B., Ardina, Genaro T., Ocampo, Kent B. and Riveral, Elene Mae A.
    ABSTRACT:

    This study primarily aims to explore the impact of teacher education training on the intelligence of selected pre-service teachers enrolled in the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu Mandaue. A descriptive and comparative design was utilized to collect and analyze data from a purposive sample of 56 pre-service teachers. A battery of psychometric exams that include the Otis-Lennon Test of Mental Ability, the measure for intelligence, was administered to the representative upon the admission of the pre-service teachers into the program and upon their completion of the program's course requirements. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the IQ of pre-service teachers, the Shapiro-Wilk was used to test the normality of the data, the paired sample t-test was conducted to see the significant change in their IQ, and One-Way ANOVA was used to determine the significant differences of the IQ per field of specialization of the BSED program. The results showed a slight increase in the IQ level of pre-service teachers across all majors. Furthermore, the p-value (p < .05) for the overall IQ level, indicating a significant change in the intelligence quotient (IQ) of pre-service teachers during their teacher education training, as measured by the Otis-Lennon Test of Mental Ability.

  14. Ingole, K.H., Velhankar, R.D., Rohi, R.R., Dagli, N.R., Sawale, G. K. and Lokhande, D.U.
    ABSTRACT:

    The study was conducted at Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex Parel, Mumbai Veterinary College, and Bai Sakarbai Dinshaw Petit Hospital. The present research focused on study of Left Ventricular Sphericity Index (LVSI) in two groups of dogs i.e healthy dogs and those affected by Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM). Echocardiographic examinations were performed to analyse cardiac geometry changes using the LVSI. The control group comprised dogs without abnormalities, while the DCM group included dogs with DCM symptoms and heart enlargement. Results revealed that the LVSI was significantly lower in DCM-affected dogs (1.29 ± 0.03) compared to healthy dogs (1.95 ± 0.04), indicating ventricular enlargement. Echocardiography confirmed this trend, showing a substantial increase in left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd) in the DCM group. This study enriches the understanding of cardiac remodelling, contributing to the diagnosis and management of Dilated Cardiomyopathy in veterinary practice.

  15. Yapo-Ehounoud Constance, Bangoura Sekou, Tanoh Christian, Muriel Amon-Tanoh, Kouamé-Assouan Ange-Eric, Edzilina-Galega Francine, Diallo Mamadou and Razlog Lilia
    ABSTRACT:

    Introduction: La maladie de Moya-Moya est une cause rare d’AVC du sujet jeune, touchant le plus souvent la population asiatique. C’est une pathologie vasculaire cérébrale chronique caractérisée par la sténose et l’occlusion progressive de la terminaison des artères carotides internes intracrâniennes et de la partie proximale des artères du polygone de Willis. Elle est de pronostic réservé. Son diagnostic repose essentiellement sur l’artériographie. Son traitement doit être précoce et consiste en une chirurgie de revascularisation. Les auteurs rapportent l’observation d’un cas jeune, d’origine française,en comparaison aux données de la littérature. Objectif : Décrire les particularités cliniques d’un patient d’origine française, atteint de la maladie de Moya-Moya. Observation : Un caucasien d’origine française de 53 ans, a présenté un 3eépisode de déficit moteur récent brutal, secondaire à un infarctus sylvien gauche. Le bilan d’AVC réalisé a permis de mettre en évidence une maladie de Moya Moya probable grâce à une arteriographie.il a bénéficié d’un traitement médical, couplé à une rééducation motrice. Mots-clés: maladie de Moya-Moya, sujet jeune, Europe.

  16. Mahesh Dave, Nishant Mangla, Avinash Sharma, Kanishk Amera, Akash Sehgal and Kunal Jain
    ABSTRACT:

    Introduction: Pulmonary agenesis is a rare congenital anomalythat is due to developmental failure of primitive lung buds. It is often associated with other congenital anomalies like cardiovascular, central nervous, gastrointestinal, genitourinary and skeletal systems.1The combination of pulmonary agenesis with renal agenesis and polysplenia makes it a first-of-its-kind case. Case report: A25-year-old female presented with complaints of low-grade fever, chest pain and shortness of breath on exertion for 2 months. On examination, she hadan asymmetrical chest with reduced chest expansion, vocal fremitus, vocal resonance and breath sounds on the left hemithorax. X-ray chest showed homogenous opacity in the middle and lower part of the left chest. So provisionally we kept the diagnosis as collapse or loculated pleural effusion.The patient underwent further radiological investigations and was diagnosed as a case of left pulmonary agenesis with left renal agenesis and polysplenia. Discussion: Bilateral pulmonary agenesis is not compatible with life whereas patients with unilateral agenesis can present at any age with variable respiratory symptoms and recurrent chest infections. The condition mimics other pathologies like collapse, pleural effusion and consolidation on clinical examination and radiograph. Conclusion: Pulmonary agenesis is arare condition that is generally diagnosed in childhood and its presentation in adulthood is extremely rare. Once diagnosed, the patients need further evaluation for other associated congenital anomalies which can be treated potentially before getting symptomatic.

  17. Teena Carolyn D Almeda and Prof. Aswathy Devi M K
    ABSTRACT:

    Background of the study: Nocturnal leg cramp is a Musculo-skeletal disorder characterized by sudden and painful involuntary contractions of the lower limbs occurring during prolonged rest periods, mostly at night. It has negative impact on quality of life, particularly among elderly over 60years. Stretching exercises is a useful preventive therapy which in turn helps to reduce the frequency and intensity of pain during NLC among elderly. Aim and objective: Thestudy was conducted to assess the effectiveness of planned demonstration programme on stretching exercises for prevention and management of NLC among elderly at selected old age homes of Mysuru. Methods: Post-test only Control group design was adopted for the study. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used to select 60 study subjects using NLC screening checklist, 30 each in experimental and control group. Planned demonstration programme on stretching exercises was done only to elderly in experimental group. The frequency of NLC and intensity of pain during NLC was assessed by using frequency of NLC scale and modified VAS on day-3, day-5 and day-7 following the intervention. Results: The results of the study revealed that there was a significant differencebetween the post-test frequency and intensity of pain during NLC in experimental and control group on day-3, day-5 and on day-7 which was statistically tested using Independent ‘t’ test for frequency of NLC (day-3 t(58)=2.25; day-5 t(58)=3.07; day-7 t(58)=8.73; p<0.05) and intensity of pain during NLC (day-5 t(58)=4.41; day-7 t(58)=8.68; p<0.05) was found to be significant at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: The study concluded that the stretching exercises was effective in reducing the frequency of NLC and intensity of pain during NLC among elderly. Hence performing daily stretching exercises can be adopted as a non-pharmacological therapyamong elderly for prevention and management of NLC.The study also stresses the increasing responsibility of health professionals in planning and implementing various strategies to reduce frequency of NLC and intensity of pain during NLC using different self-care techniques which in turn helps to increase the quality of life among elderly.

  18. Dr. Tushar Abrol, Dr. Anil Singla, Dr. Vivek Mahajan, Dr. Harupinder Singh Jaj, Dr. Indu Dhiman and Dr. Shikha Thakur
    ABSTRACT:

    Background: Canines are considered to be the key teeth for personal identification as it exhibits greatest sexual dimorphism. The morphometric assesment provides the evidence of sex determination due to dimorphic nature of canine. Objectives: To evaluate the reliablity of canine morphometric analysis in prediction of sexual dimorphism in Himachali population. Methods: Total 70 subjects (35 males and 35 females) were randomly selected and study models were fabricated. The intercanine width and mesiodistal width of canine was measured using digital vernier caliper on the study models of both maxilla and mandible. Sexual dimorphism, Standard and observed canine index was calculated. All the measurements were statistically analysed using student t test. Results: On comparison the mean values were found to be larger in males than females and was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The left canine was more dimorphic than the right canine in both maxilla and mandible and mandibular canine index was found to be more reliable than maxillary canine index in prediction of sexual dimorphism The value of the standard canine index was found to be 0.25 in maxilla and 0.28 in mandible in Himachali Population.

  19. Ezhilarasan Vaithilingam, Manoj Abraham Manoharlal, Harihara Sudan. S. Pavithra. V. and Nivethitha R.
    ABSTRACT:

    Background And Purpose: Spasm are one of the most common complication in spinal cord injury persons which may cause increase the fall frequency in transfer activities even in wheelchair activities. Cryotherapy has been used in clinical practice to reduce the spasm in spinal cord injury patients, which positive results have been reported in clinical studies. Weight bearing exercise has some effects on spasticity which may improve joint and muscle function. The purpose of the case report was to document the effects of cryotherapy along with weight bearing exercise on refractory spasm and fear of fall present with the spinal cord injury patient. Case Description: The patient was 45 year old male injured with road traffic accident, who diagnosed with complete spinal cord injury at the level of D8 and D9. He was surgically treated with D8 and D9 reduction and posterior stabilization with decompression on july 2017. After 6 months the patient was taken rehabilitation for 6 months and make him independent with wheel chair assistance. The present complaint was refractory spasm in his lower limb which affect his daily activities like transferring activity. This also leads him to fall in some activities. Results: The patient had benefits with significant reduction of refractory spasm in the both lower limbs following 4 weeks of cryotherapy application along with weight bearing activities. The spasm frequency score showed significant changes from 3 at the week of one to score 1 at the end of 4 weeks. Spasm severity scale 3 in week one and 1 in week four. Visual Analogue scale showed the fear of fall from 8 to 2 at the end of 4th weeks. CONCLUSION: This study reported that cryotherapy along with weight bearing exercise significantly reduce the refractory muscle spasm and diminish the fear of fall in spinal cord injury patient with paraplegia.

Social Sciences and Humanities

  1. Chinmay Desai and Dr. Mukesh Prajapati
    ABSTRACT:

    Intellectual disability is a disorder, in which children exhibit intellectual insufficiency as well as inadequate adaptive skills, in conceptual, social, and practical domains, manifested during developmental period. A complex neurological condition identified as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) causes impaired social interaction along with difficulties with verbal and nonverbal communication. Both the children and their caregivers observe that it is challenging to care for children with ASDs and intellectual disabilities. For the random sampling of examining social adjustment, this study conducted a survey of families with children who suffer from ASD, ADHD and intellectual disabilities. The social adjustment of 360 caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, had been surveyed. Emotional maturity, social maturity, and social adjustment have been investigated in all three dimensions using the Social Adjustment Scale. R. S. Saraswat was the one who developed this tool.

  2. Matthias Hartung
    ABSTRACT:

    From 1985 till 2015 I have got Odonata from Norbert Flauger in Venezuela. Many deliveries with Odonata I got from him and I have collected a lot of Odonata species. The dried or emerged Odonata I have mostly prepared. All Odonata were noted in a book and a database. A list contains the Odonata from Venezuela from the database is given.

  3. Gaurdas Sarkar
    ABSTRACT:

    Economic development is a complex process in which financial and human capital are combined in sophisticated and productive ways, and that is why certain countries advance in this process much more rapidly than others. Education in every sense is one of the fundamental factors of economic development. Therefore, it is urgently required to provide quality education to the student community at the cheapest possible cost. West Bengal as a state had occupied a place of pride in the educational sphere in India. The key towards such success was its maintenance of quality in imparting knowledge among its students. At one point of time West Bengal participated in the rat race and started reducing burden of the students so that they can score well in the examination. There is no reason to deny that development of Information and communication Technology has enhanced the accessibility of both teacher and learner to expanded horizon of inputs. But the question is whether such enriched support system is sufficient to ensure provision of quality education to the learners. The essential prerequisite for successful impart of quality education is assimilation of knowledge on the part of teacher and transmission of assimilated knowledge to the learners. If we analyse the entire education system, we find a Pyramidal structure with three tiers. At the bottom there lies educational institutions and at the top there is Government. The first National Policy on Education in 1968, National Policy on Education in 1986 & its modification in 1992 and New Education Policy 2020 are instrumental to achieve those objectives of the Government of India. Present New Education Policy 2020 has envisaged flexible multidisciplinary approach to higher education putting an emphasis to research orientation. This present paper seeks to analyse whether New Education Policy will be able to reach its goal or simply produce Jack of All Trades but Master of None.

  4. Ardina, Genaro, Baguio, Apple Joy, Bedina, Socrates, Cejas, Earl Adrian, Niepes, Gendolf, Patindol, Danielita, Sabornido, Elna and Villaver, Gerico
    ABSTRACT:

    Effective assessment informs both students and instructors about learning progress and areas for improvement. Assessments point-out to students and teachers what to do to achieve the intended learning outcomes given the necessary support. This study aims to develop a predictive model that uses formative assessments to predict students’ success on summative assessments through cross-sectional analysis. Data are collected from the formative and summative performances of fourth year college students. The collected data are analyzed using Descriptive Statistics, Shapiro-Wilk test, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and One-Way ANOVA. To shed light on formative tests’ predictive power for summative outcomes, a linear equation model is created through linear regression analysis. Results show that when formative tests are used successfully to track students’ progress, identify learning gaps, give timely feedback, students will have better summative performances. In light of the study, practitioners are encouraged to carefully design classroom assessments putting premium on formative assessments and feedback mechanisms to yield better learning outcomes.

  5. Okalang John Ben
    ABSTRACT:

    The study focused on the impact of accounting information system on the performance of small and medium sized enterprise. The objectives of the study were; to examine whether SMEs keep proper books of accounts, to examine the quality of financial statements produced by SMEs and to find out the relationship between accounting information and performance of SMEs. The study employed descriptive, cross sectional and associational research designs. The study was carried out in Kampala Central on the management and accounting departments in small and medium businesses in Kampala Centra. Both primary and secondary data was collected from existing journals and management reports. The findings revealed that accounting information is vital for small and medium sized enterprises as it enables to improve decision making. It also reveals that computerized information is at a low level in SMEs. It is revealed that there is a positive relationship between accounting information and small and medium sized enterprises and therefore managers should consider the use of accounting reports to manage their enterprises.Finally, the study recommends that SMEs need a well-designed and operating accounting information system to enable them manage its most valuable resource which is information and moving forward, based on the AIS chosen emphasis should be put on system threats in a firm. Where accountants and business owners must put in place security measures like anti viruses, training and creating a culture of security so as to avoid attacks on the AIS which leads to loss of data and valuable accounting information.

  6. Yung-Kai Lin, Leong-Perng Chan, Chia-Hua Liang, Yung-Hsiang Lin, Shu-Ting Chan and Chi-Fu Chiang
    ABSTRACT:

    Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) is a native grain plant, and shows that it has anti-oxidant and anti-glycation. However, it was still unclear whether djulis extracts improve skin condition and anti-glycation. The trial enrolled 300 subjects, who were double-blind and randomly assigned (in a 1:1 ratio) to placebo or djulis. The subjects were informed to consume one powder packet daily for 8 weeks. Skin conditions and self-assessment questionnaires of the subjects were collected at week 0, week 4 and week 8 of the study. The results showed that taking djulis extract powder significantly increased lightness, collagen density, elasticity and hydration, and significantly decreased advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), wrinkle, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) compared to placebo group. Djulis can improve human skin and can be used as one of the skin health ingredients.

  7. Narendhiran, V., Ganesh Kumar, M. and Aishwarya, S.K.
    ABSTRACT:

    Seed germination is the most important aspect for raising the nursery for successful seedling production of Papaya. The present study was carried out at Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University to study the Effect of Plant growth regulators and chemicals on seed germination and seedling growth in Papaya (Carica Papaya) variety Red lady. The treatments comprised of five levels of GA3 T1 GA3 100 ppm for 12 hrs, T2 GA3 200 ppm for 12 hrs , T3 GA3 300 ppm for 12 hrs , T4 GA3 400 ppm for 12 hrs, T5 GA3 500 ppm for 12 hrs and five levels of KNO3 T6 KNO3 0.5% for 12 hrs, T7 KNO3 1% for 12 hrs, T8 KNO3 1.5% for 12 hrs, T9 KNO3 2% for 12 hrs, T10 KNO3 2.5% for 12 hrs and T11 Control (Without Soaking). Observations were recorded for germination percentage (%), Plant height (cm), No. of leaves, Leaf area (cm2), No. of primary roots, No. of lateral roots, Root length (cm), Fresh weight of seedling (g) and Dry weight of seedling (g). Results revealed that Treatment T2 GA3 200 ppm dipping for 12 hrs recorded the maximum germination percentage of papaya seeds (88.28 %) followed by T3 GA3 300 ppm for 12 hrs (83.56 %) than T11 control which recorded the minimum germination percentage of 41.08 %, plant height (25.84 cm), more number of leaves (19.58), maximum leaf area (49.36 cm2), more number of primary and lateral roots (13.04 and 93.31) with maximum root length (33.43 cm) and also recorded the maximum fresh weight and dry weight of seedlings (18.88 and 1.94 g) which was followed by the treatment T3 GA3 300 ppm for 12 hrs than control T11 which recorded the least values on all growth attributes.

  8. Mitra, P.K., Das, M. and Sarkhel, S.
    ABSTRACT:

    In India, river bank erosion has become one of the most significant environmental problems. This is one of the critical public concerns in India at least in some states like West Bengal especially in the Lower Gangetic Plain. River bank erosion has a long-term consequence on human life. The victims are compelled to displace as they become destitute. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study about previous trends of riverbank erosion, its impact on riverine inhabitants and possible preventive and remedial measures required to solve such a complex and multi-dimensional problem along river Ganga of Bhagawangola II block, Murshidabad district. Analysis of data as obtained from the representative sample of erosion victims as well as the secondary sources of data clearly indicates that the hazard victims are to face socio-economic insecurity due to loss of agricultural land, become unemployed and that a holistic approach to save the erosion victims needs to be undertaken for a permanent solution of the problem.

  9. Dr. Gujjeti Thirupathi
    ABSTRACT:

    Globally, tourism serves as a vital economic engine, contributing significantly to GDP and employment across nations, fostering economic growth on a worldwide scale. At the national level, tourism plays a pivotal role in diversifying economies, reducing unemployment, and supporting various sectors such as hospitality, transportation, and local businesses. Tourism contributes to the exchange of cultures and ideas, fostering international understanding and promoting peace and cooperation on a global scale. Nationally, the tourism industry often serves as a showcase for a country's natural beauty, historical heritage, and cultural richness, attracting visitors and boosting national pride. The importance of tourism on a global and national level extends beyond economic considerations, influencing social and environmental aspects by promoting sustainable practices and fostering cross-cultural appreciation. Tourism plays a pivotal role in economic development, contributing significantly to job creation and revenue generation for communities worldwide. Travel and tourism have always played a big part in people's life, regardless of whether they are wealthy, well-educated, poor, or a member of a socially marginalised group. People travel and engage in tourism for a variety of purposes, such as religious, cultural, sports, educational, professional, health, wildlife viewing, adventure, ecotourism, business, and so on. As a result, there are numerous justifications for tourism and travel. India is a cosmopolitan country with a wide range of ethnic groups, cultures, values, and religions. It is the location of numerous tourist destinations that draw people from all over the world, including spectacular temples, places of worship, recreation areas, animal sanctuaries, beaches, forts, tombs, and museums. The progress of the country is considered when examining India's travel and tourism sector; It is regarded as an industry that has aided in the development and progress of the whole country. Because of its historical monuments, religious sites, parks, beaches, and forests, India is becoming more well-known and is recognised as having a rich cultural legacy. The Indian tourism industry, the 1982 National Tourism Policy, tourism in India, government initiatives to promote tourism, and the variety of tourism offered in India have all been the subject of this research paper. These industries demonstrate the significance of tourism in India, a country where it has grown and evolved to an even greater extent.The article discusses various aspects of tourism business and product in the Indian context. It is hoped that the contents of the book will be immensely helpful to students, tour operators, policy makers, tourist guides and all those concerned.

  10. Elizabeth Ogalo, Ombito Elizabeth Khalili and Enose M.W. Simatwa
    ABSTRACT:

    Performance appraisal is an ongoing process used for identifying, measuring and developing an individual’s performance in accordance with an organization’s strategic goals. Globally teacher performance appraisal and development is a process conducted with an aim of improving teacher’s own practices by identifying strengths and weaknesses for further professional development and to ensure that teachers perform at their best to enhance student learning. However, despite the implementation of this policy, teachers’ performance is still low. The objective of the study was to determine the contribution of teacher performance appraisal and development policy to teachers’ professional knowledge and practice in enhancement of teacher performance in public primary schools in Migori County, The study was guided by the Goal setting and Multiple intelligence theories. It was established that the policy’s contribution to teachers professional knowledge and practice was high in enhancement of teacher performance. The findings of this study are important to educational administration researchers, policy makers, planners; and Teachers Service Commission in understanding on how Teacher Performance Appraisal and Development policy implementation is contributing to teacher professional knowledge and practice in improving teacher performance in schools.

  11. Elizabeth Ogalo, Enose M.W. Simatwa and Ombito Elizabeth Khalili
    ABSTRACT:

    Teacher performance appraisal and development policy implementation is an ongoing process that Teacher Service Commission in Kenya is using for identifying, measuring and developing teachers’ performance in accordance with an organization’s strategic goals. Globally teacher performance appraisal and development is a process conducted with an aim of improving teacher’s own practices by identifying strengths and weaknesses for further professional development and to ensure that teachers perform at their best to enhance student learning. However, despite the implementation of the policy, teachers’ performance has remained low. The objective of the study therefore was to determine the contribution of teacher performance appraisal and development policy implementation on teachers professional development in enhancement of teacher performance in public primary schools in Migori County. The study was guided by the Goal setting and multiple intelligence theories which advocate for setting clear targets that can be achieved by the application of a variety of knowledge and skills. The study established that Teacher Performance Appraisal and Development policy implementation contributed highly to teacher professional development in enhancement of teacher performance in public primary schools. The findings of the study are important to educational administration, policy makers and planners in Teachers Service Commission in understanding how Teacher Performance Appraisal and Development (TPAD) implementation contributes to professional development, and is relevant for improvement in teacher performance.

  12. Alka Parikh
    ABSTRACT:

    The PM has recently announced that 1 crore houses will be fitted with rooftop solar panels to generate clean energy. India wants to create 50% of its power needs from clean energy by 2030, with solar power leading the drive. This article looks at the first 100% round the clock solar powered village, Modhera in Gujarat to understand how we can move towards this goal and what would be the Challenges that we will face.

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