The cardiovascular benefits of salah (islamic prayer) as a form of physical activity

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be one of the world’s leading causes of illness and death, with lack of physical activity identified as a key modifiable risk factor. Interestingly, Salah, the Islamic prayer performed five times a day, incorporates a series of gentle, rhythmic movements such as standing (qiyam), bowing (rukuʿ), prostration (sujud), and sitting (jalsa). These postures engage major muscle groups and encourage smooth, coordinated motion. Research has shown that performing Salah can lead to mild cardiovascular effects, including slight increases in heart rate and blood pressure, similar to those observed during light aerobic exercise. To assess the potential cardiovascular benefits of Salah, viewed as a form of physical activity, and to examine how regular practice might contribute to promoting cardiovascular health among Muslims who perform it consistently. A descriptive observational design was employed for the study. Data collection involved structured assessments of heart rate, blood pressure, and the six-minute walk test (6MWT) conducted before and after the Fajr prayer. The participants were adult Muslims, categorized based on their regularity of performing Salah into regular and non-regular practitioners. The participants who regularly performed Salah exhibited notable reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as in resting heart rate, following the Fajr prayer compared to their baseline measurements. Additionally, there was a significant improvement in their six-minute walk test (6MWT) distances. These outcomes suggest that engaging in Salah provides moderate cardiovascular benefits, reflecting its potential role as a light aerobic activity that supports heart health. Salah is more than an act of worship; it also functions as a gentle, consistent form of physical activity that supports cardiovascular well-being. The coordinated rhythm of its movements, combined with controlled breathing and focused mindfulness, contributes to improved heart function, enhanced blood circulation, and reduced stress levels, reflecting its holistic impact on both physical and mental health.