The objective of study is to see the trend of oligospermia in urban and rural population in and around Patna Medical College and Hospital (PMCH), Patna. The study was done from December 2006 to January 2013 in PMCH and private laboratory situated near PMCH. The urban population included people residing in Patna and the rural population consisted of people residing in villages around Patna, who had come to PMCH for treatment of infertility.