Patients suffering from diabetes mellitus at different age group of both sexes were taken up for the present study. A total of 100 diabetes mellitus of the both sex (male 56, and female 44) have been taken for the present study. The age group of male patients ranged between 30 – 80 years. Out of 56 male patients the incidence of diabetes mellitus is high 39% (22 patients), in the age group between 50 – 60 years. The lowest incidence of diabetes mellitus that is 4 cases (7.14%) in the age group between 30 – 40 years. The age group of female patients ranged between 30 – 80 years, out of 44 female patients the incidence is high 40.9% (18 patients) in the age group between 50 – 60 years. The lowest incidence of diabetes mellitus that is 5 patients (11.3%) in the age group between 30 – 40 years. Majority of the patients are employers living in Cheyyar Taluk, Thiruvannamalai district. They belong to urban areas. Another important study in the present investigation is food habit of diabetes mellitus patients. Out of 100 patients selected 56 were males and 44 were females. Among 56 males 28 were taken medicine for diabetes and 28 were not taken any medicine for diabetes. Out of 28 patients treated with anti - diabetic drug 16 having the food habit of millet diet and 12 were having the habit of Rice diet. The diabetic patients with anti – diabetic treatment having the habit of millet diet, showed normal blood sugar level. But the diabetic patients with anti diabetic treatment having the habit of Rice diet showed moderate level of blood sugar both FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar) and PP (Post Prandial blood sugar). In comparison to rice and millets diet the millet diet with low carbohydrate content, low digestibility and water soluble gum content (β – glucan) have been attributed to improve glucose metabolism. These grains release sugar slowly in the blood and also diminish the glucose absorption. Out of 28 patients with diabetic untreated (without any anti diabetic drugs) 18 patients were having the habit of millet diet and 10 of them were having the habit of Rice diet. The untreated patients with millet diet showed normal level of blood sugar both FBS and PP, whereas the untreated patients without millet diet that is with rice diet showed High level of blood sugar level both FBS and PP respectively. On the other hand out of 44 female patients suffering with millet diet showed normal level of blood sugar in both FBS and PP. The patients having the habit of Rice diet showed high level of blood sugar both FBS and PP. But in untreated Female patients 15 patients showed having the habit of Millet diet and 5 patients showed having the habit of Rice diet. The untreated patients with Millet diet showed normal level of blood sugar. But the untreated female patients 5 having the habit of Rice diet showed high level of blood sugar in both FBS and PP. Insufficient physical activity is one of the major causes of diabetes mellitus among the people of Cheyyar Taluk, Thiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu. Unhealthy diet and obesity are also important factor for diabetes mellitus among people of Cheyyar Taluk, Thiruvannamalai District.
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