Epidemiology, diversity and resistance to antibiotics in Salmonella strains isolated from human in two cities of Niger Republic

In sub-Saharan Africa, Salmonella cause of acute gastroenteritis and invasive disease. The aim of this study was to assessthe diversity the distribution and antibiogram profile of Salmonella isolates in two cities of Niger. Salmonella strains isolated from patients duringthe period 2015-2016 were biotyped using Api20E and serotyped withspecific antisera. All strains were subjected to a set of 18 antibiotics to study their antibiogram, using the Baeur–Kirby disk diffusion method.Biochemical analysis revealed ten (10) phenotypic clusters. Serotyping resulted intoseventeen (17) different serotypes with Paratyphi A as the most prevalent (14.75%) of all Salmonella strains followed by Paratyphi B (11.48%), Typhimurim (9.84%), Typhi (6.56%), Paratyphi C (3.28%), Poona (3.28%).The proportion of Paratyphi A in infants (< 5 years old) represented 50%.Overall, high resistance to ampicillin (49.06%), amoxicillin (47.06%), trimethoprime-sulfamethoxazol (45.60%); chloramphenicol (35.30%);colistin (20.75%) and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (20.60%) was observed.This study showed the diversity of Salmonella biotypes, serotypes and antimicrobialssusceptibility.The level of the antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella in Niger is quite high. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish a close monitoringof resistance in Salmonella in Niger to assist in recommendations on the use of antimicrobials in both human and animals.