Molecular and Genetic Basis of Male Sterility in Development of Hybrid Varieties: A Review

Male and female gametes are normal and functional, but can only produce offspring when correct parents are mated; etc. self-incompatibility, cross-incompatibility. Male sterility is the failure of plants to produce functional anthers, pollen, or male gametes. Phenotypic (structural male sterility, sporogenous male sterility, functional male sterility) and genotypic (genetic, cytoplasmic, cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility). Genetic male sterility system in which sterility expression is conditional by environmental factors. In environmental sensitive genic male sterility, a particular range or concentration of environmental factor at sensitive stage of the crop, which occurs during panicle development, result in complete male sterility i.e. photoperiod sensitive genic male sterility (PGMS), thermo sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS), photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterility (PTGMS), micronutrient sensitive genic male sterility (MGMS). Male sterility is also use in crop improvement for production of hybrids.