Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a technique used in cranio-maxillofacial surgery to achieve high bone volume gain in all spatial dimensions based on the biological principle of bone callus mechanical elongation through slow and progressive separation under tension of two bone fragments surrounding the callus to achieve new bone formation. It falls under reconstructive techniques of correcting the orofacial defect. Current literature is an effort for an easy understanding about concepts and fundamentals of distraction osteogenesis and also understanding the alveolar distraction osteogenesis along with it’s current scope.
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