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A study of preventable causes of is chaemic heart disease

Author: 
Dr. Varun Malhotra, Dr. Megha Kapoor and Dr. Manish Sharma
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Background: Knowledge of risk factors associated with ischaemic heart diseases help us to prevent those dreadful diseases which are becoming a health hazard in our society. Aims and Objectives: To find out the association of Ischemic heart disease (IHD) with risk factors like age, sex, religion, smoking, alcohol, occupation, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A prospective study, in a sample of 410 patients attending the medicine OPD, was done in a tertiary care hospital to find out an association of risk factors and ischaemic heart disease. Results: Out of 410 patients, 226 patients were of myocardial infarction and 133 of angina. The mean age of subjects with MI was 38.87+9.64 years with male to female ratio of 1.4:1 and 37.62+9.26 years for angina subjects with male to female ratio of 1.1:1. In MI patients 19.46% of subjects were obese with 23.89% subjects giving history of smoking whereas these figures for angina were 25.56% and 15.03% respectively. In MI subjects association of diabetes mellitus and hypertension was seen in 30% and 28.76% whereas in angina it was 20.30% and 15.03%. 28.76% subjects of MI and 15.03% subjects of angina gave family history suggestive of IHD. The occurrence of MI was 43.36%, 32.33%, 14.28% and 9.02% in subjects doing government service, business, no occupation and agriculturists, respectively whereas angina occurrence was 44.28%, 28.57%, 21.42% and 5.71% among agriculturists, servicemen, businessmen and those with no occupation, respectively. Conclusion: The IHD was more common among men as compared to women. The ratio of males to females with MI was 1.4:1 and for angina was 1.1:1. The occurrence of IHD was highest among subjects with age less than 40 years. The relation of obesity and diabetes mellitus with IHD is statistically insignificant. Higher numbers of patients were alcoholic as compared to controls. Hypertension had a strong association with ischaemic heart disease. Ischemic heart disease was more common among men who pursued an occupation in which sedentary lifestyle was present.

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