March 2024

Interventional radiology (IR) has revolutionized medical practice by offering minimally invasive procedures guided by advanced imaging techniques. This paper introduces the utilization of 3D road maps in IR to enhance procedural guidance. Initially, it delineates the fundamental concepts of IR, emphasizing its minimally invasive nature, reliance on imaging guidance, and its multidisciplinary approach. The traditional method of angiography using 2D imaging is discussed, outlining its steps and applications. Subsequently, the paper transitions to the exploration of 3D imaging techniques, particularly 3D angiography, highlighting its benefits in providing comprehensive vascular visualization and aiding in diagnosis and treatment planning. The study design section outlines the methodology employed, including image acquisition and ethical considerations. Results are presented through a series of images, illustrating the application of 3D roadmap imaging in guiding complex procedures. The conclusion underscores the significant advantages of 3D roadmap imaging, including precise navigation, optimized treatment planning, improved procedural safety, efficient workflow, and enhanced patient comfort. Overall, this paper sheds light on the transformative potential of 3D road maps in interventional radiology, offering insights into their practical applications and benefits for both clinicians and patients.

Over the past few years, there has been a notable increase in the integration of PV-based generation into the distribution system. Current developments in renewable energy technologies and modifications to the electric utility. Infrastructures have raised the interest of power utilities in using distributed generation (DG) resources to produce electricity. The latest developments in the utilization and development of distributed generation (DG) resources for power generation applications are contingent upon the deregulation of the electric power industry and the technological limitations of expanding distribution and transmission networks to specific regions. The integration of distributed generation units (DG) into distribution networks has yielded numerous benefits for planners, regulators, and policy makers involved in the electric power system. These advantages are contingent upon the features of distributed generation units (DG), including photovoltaic (PV) and network configuration. This paper provides a thorough analysis of numerous research studies on the technical, financial, and environmental advantages of integrating renewable energy sources, including line-loss reduction, increased reliability, financial gains, and environmental pollution prevention. Here a solar PV unit is optimally sized, placed, and structured to maximize the advantages. The effect of load growth on voltage profile and losses is also studied without and with the integration of PV. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by a case study of the BAPATLA substation. It is discovered that when appropriate measures are made to curb the use of renewable energy, the penetration rate of renewable energy electricity may be effectively increased, in accordance with the principle of economic consumption. For simulation, we are utilizing the MATLAB 2018 version.

Background: Scrub typhus is endemic in the various parts of the world and especially in the Indian subcontinent. renal abscess are largely unknown in scrub typhus. These can be a source of persistent abdominal pain. Clinical Description: A 38-year-old male presented with a 4-day history of fever, loose stools, respiratory distress, and abdominal pain. On examination, he was febrile, had tachypnea, tachycardia, and facial puffiness. Acute febrile illness to differentials of tropical infections (dengue, scrub typhus, enteric fever, and malaria). Management: Dengue, enteric fever, and malaria were ruled out on investigations. Scrub IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was positive. Ultrasound of the abdomen showed renal anechoic lesions suggestive of abscess. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) confirmed the findings. Blood and urine culture was sterile The final diagnosis was scrub typhus with renal abscess. His symptoms resolved with doxycycline therapy. Conclusion: Involvement of the renal abscess is a rare complication in scrub typhus and can lead to persisting abdominal symptoms. Renal abscess is not a well-known complication in patients of scrub typhus; hence, it may lead to under diagnosis of the condition. An abdominal ultrasound or if required, CT scan of the abdomen might be needed in cases with persistent abdominal symptoms to rule out this rare complication.

Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune lymphocytic infiltrative disease that leads to chronic inflammatory changes to exocrine glands and extra-glandular systemic organs. It rarely affects children and adolescents. In cases where adolescents are affected, symptoms include xerostomia, xerophthalmia often leads to a missed diagnosis. Consequently, the first presenting sign of Sjögren’s syndrome in adolescents may be heterogeneous, with varying clinical symptoms related to parotitis or systemic organ involvement. Renal involvement occurs in 18–67% of cases, with chronic tubulo-interstitial nephritis being the most frequent pathology which can lead to distal renal tubular acidosis characterized by normal anion gap acidosis with hypokalemia and alkaline urinary pH. Hypokalemic periodic paralysis can be primary or secondary to potassium deficiency which can arise from several causes In our case report, we discuss a 47-year-old female with distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA), who had experienced severe hypokalemic episodes since last 6 month; the patient was eventually diagnosed with Sjögren’s syndrome. She was managed and maintained on potassium and alkali repletion therapy.

Digital financial services have significant potential to provide a range of affordable, convenient and secure banking services to poor people in developing countries. With the number of smartphone users in India expected to increase to 450 million by 2023, every financial institution is convinced that online delivery of services is the way forward Technology-led innovation in financial services is needed to enable rapid, large-scale, and positive change. The digital India initiative can easily connect the different groups of society and can help to achieve the objective of financial inclusion through digital banking. The impact of mobility goes much more than facilitating on-the-go online transactions. Mobility powered digital commerce has the potential to give a big boost to financial inclusion, throwing open banking facilities to people hitherto cut off from the same. At a macro level, it can propel growth, boosting the economy and the GDP of the country itself. This paper depicts that digital financial services are driving financial inclusion and improving financial health with digital technology. There is an urgent need to create awareness among the citizens, especially in rural and semi-urban areas regarding basics of digital finance services.

Multiplication Mastery Workbook: Interactive Activities" is an engaging and comprehensive resource designed to support learners in mastering the fundamental skill of multiplication. With the ever-increasing emphasis on STEM education and the importance of numeracy skills in everyday life, this workbook provides a structured approach to developing proficiency in multiplication through a variety of interactive activities. This workbook is meticulously crafted to cater to learners of various ages and skill levels, offering a progressive learning experience that gradually builds upon foundational concepts to foster a deep understanding of multiplication. The activities included in the workbook are designed to be interactive and hands-on, promoting active engagement and enhancing retention of mathematical concepts. One of the key features of this workbook is its emphasis on interactivity. Rather than passively consuming information, learners are encouraged to actively participate in the learning process through a series of carefully curated activities. These activities encompass a diverse range of formats, including puzzles, games, real-world scenarios, and visual representations, ensuring that learners with different learning styles are catered to effectively. The workbook begins with an introduction to the basic principles of multiplication, providing learners with a solid foundation upon which to build their skills. Concepts such as the commutative property, distributive property, and the relationship between multiplication and division are explored in a clear and accessible manner. As learners progress through the workbook, they encounter increasingly complex multiplication problems, allowing them to gradually develop fluency and confidence in their mathematical abilities. Furthermore, the workbook is designed to promote critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Many of the activities require learners to apply their understanding of multiplication in real-world contexts, challenging them to think creatively and analytically. By encouraging learners to think beyond rote memorization and apply their knowledge in meaningful ways, this workbook fosters the development of essential skills that are applicable across a wide range of academic and professional domains. To conclude, "Multiplication Mastery Workbook: Interactive Activities" is a valuable resource for educators, parents, and learners alike. By combining interactive learning activities with a structured and progressive approach, this workbook equips learners with the skills and confidence they need to master multiplication and succeed in their mathematical journey. Whether used in the classroom, at home, or as part of a homeschooling curriculum, this workbook is sure to inspire and empower learners to unlock their full potential in mathematics.

Based on a user's query, Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) returns photos of similar types from an image repository. It is necessary to extract colour, texture, or shape attributes from the photographs and store them in the feature database in order to find comparable images. The properties of the query image such as its colour, texture, or shape are compared to those of the photos stored in the database. CBIR is a image retrieval system that retrieves similar type of images from database of images. Generating a novel set of descriptors for feature matching is challenging task in IR Systems. Colour, texture, or shape distance measurements are used in this comparison. In order to increase the CBIR System's accuracy, we present a novel system that integrates colour and log Gabor wavelet-based feature detectors.

This research aimed to analyze the concept of Foreclosed Collateral based on Law Number 4 of 1996 concerning Mortgage Rights over land and objects related to the land. This research used Normative legal research methods. The approach used was a conceptual approach and a statutory approach. This research showed that implementing Foreclosed Collateral is essential because it can help the Debtors and Creditors avoid losses. Furthermore, Foreclosed Collateral, as regulated in Article 12 A of Banking Law, is related to provisions of Article 12 of Mortgage rights law, as long as the foreclosure is carried out according to the procedures specified in Article 20 of Mortgage rights law. Therefore, aligning the norms by forming government regulations regarding Foreclosed Collateral by the provisions of Article 12 A Paragraph 2 of Banking Law is necessary.

Colon cancer remains a significant global health concern, and early detection is crucial for effective treatment and improved patient outcomes. Histopathological examination of tissue samples is a standard diagnostic procedure, but the manual analysis of large datasets is time-consuming and prone to human error. This study proposes a novel approach for colon cancer detection by Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN). This research focuses on developing an automated system that utilizes DCNN to analyze histopathological images of colon tissues. The DCNN model is trained on a comprehensive dataset (LC25000) comprising both adenocarcinoma and benign tissue samples. The model's ability to extract high-level representations from complex image data allows for accurate and efficient classification. The evaluation of the proposed system involves assessing its performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy. In this DCNN, the model get 98.7% accuracy, 99% precision, 99% recall, 99% F1 score. The results demonstrate the model's capability to accurately identify cancerous regions within histopathological images, providing a valuable tool for pathologists and clinicians.

In recent years, the potential of precision medicine in cardiovascular medicine has emerged as a fascinating area of research due to its comprehensive approach to patient care. Precision medicine offers a personalized approach to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in patients by taking into context the myriad of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors that impact CVD outcomes. This abstract aims to summarize and evaluate the newfound potential of precision medicine in cardiology by highlighting the key aspects, This includes the use of genomic sequencing, artificial intelligence (AI) integration, big data analytics, and the role of digital twins. By implementing the use of recent advancements in genomic sequencing technologies, precision medicine enables clinicians to personalise risk assessment and early interventions of cardiovascular patients based on individual genetic profiles. In addition, the integration of AI and machine learning algorithms fine-tunes risk prediction models and treatment regimens which can optimize patient care and outcomes. Big data analytics is another tool which can assist in optimising the benefits of precision medicine by providing comprehensive insights into the complex interactions of factors which affect CVDs, guiding targeted treatments and improving prognosis. Furthermore, the concept of digital twins offers a holistic approach by integrating various factors beyond genetics, including lifestyle and environmental influences, to determine the best treatment options. Overall, precision medicine holds tremendous promise in transforming the current clinical approach in cardiology by tailoring approaches for improved patient outcomes through comprehensive and personalized treatment strategies.

L’étude a pour objectif d’analyser (décrire et expliquer) les facteurs explicatifs de la faible appropriation des Hydrauliques Villageoises Améliorées (HVA) par les communautés bénéficiaires. L’hypothèse de travail soutient que des pesanteurs socioculturelles favorisent la faible participation des bénéficiaires dans la gestion des systèmes d’hydrauliques villageoises améliorées (HVA). Pour rendre compte de l’objet d’étude, nous avons eu recours à la théorie déterministe. L’étude documentaire, l’enquête-interrogation (questionnaires et guides d’entretien) et l’observation participante ont aidé à la collecte des données. Celles-ci ont subi l’épreuve des analyses qualitative et quantitative. Les résultats de l’étude montrent que les systèmes HVA sont confrontés à des difficultés dans leur gestion notamment les difficultés de planification des facteurs d’appropriation, l’insuffisante promotion des facteurs d’appropriation, et la faible intégration des facteurs d’appropriation des HVA. Ces difficultés s’expliquent par des pesanteurs socioculturelles telles que l’installation des systèmes HVA est considérée comme un obstacle à la perception traditionnelle de l’eau, l’emplacement des systèmes HVA sur les sites naturels sacres perçu comme une menace aux valeurs socioculturelles et croyances, les stéréotypes de genre accentuant les inégalités dans la gestion des systèmes HVA, la résistance aux systèmes HVA par l’attachement aux anciennes sources d’eau, les contestations sociales développées autour des systèmes HVA et les tensions liées aux différenciations entre les usagers des systèmes HVA.Ces pesanteurs socioculturelles représentent une forme de résistance au changement qui tire son origine de l’attachement aux croyances traditionnelles et coutumes des communautés villageoises. Elles favorisent des contradictions entre les représentations sociales et les objectifs du projet qui limitent l’exploitation des HVA et génèrent des pratiques de contestations sociales ou la résistance aux HVA.

Background: Müllerian anomalies, encompassing congenital malformations of the female reproductive tract, pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in gynecology. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, characterized by uterovaginal agenesis, is a prominent subtype. This study aims to dissect the surgical outcomes, demographic characteristics, and psychosocial dimensions of MRKH syndrome and transverse vaginal septum cases. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 36 gynecological cases was conducted at Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi, from September 2006 to 2023. The cohort included 3 cases of transverse vaginal septum and 33 cases of MRKH syndrome. Data encompassed demographic profiles, surgical interventions (primarily vaginoplasty), and postoperative outcomes. Results: The transverse vaginal septum subgroup demonstrated a 100% success rate in vaginoplasty with no neovaginal complications, while MRKH syndrome group exhibits a 90% success rate, with 9.1% neovaginal complications. Postoperative infections were more prevalent in transverse vaginal septum cases (33.3%) compared to MRKH cases (8%). The average diagnostic delay was 20.5 months, emphasizing the need for early recognition. Conclusion: This study provides comprehensive insights into the surgical outcomes of vaginoplasty in MRKH syndrome and transverse vaginal septum. Individualized surgical approaches, diagnostic challenges, and psychosocial support emerge as critical components in the holistic care of individuals with Müllerian anomalies. Future research should focus on multicenter studies and long-term follow-ups to refine clinical guidelines and optimize patient care.

"Children are the precious pearls” who need protection from all harm and problems which includes health issues Now a day’s children are prone to get some life threatening conditions such as diarrhea, anemia, and some respiratory diseases. Acute respiratory infections are not only limited to the respiratory tract but also affect other systems of the body as there is a probability of spread of infection and microbial toxins. Respiratory tract infections in children are often reported by physicians in developed countries. Breathing exercises are essential part and plays an important role in clearing the airway and making parenchyma to expand. They help in improving the efficiency of respiratory muscles. Breathing exercises need to be modified for children as they might not cooperate like adults. So the researcher is planned to implement Strelnikova breathing exercise to the children with lower respiratory tract infection. Therefore the present study is aimed to assess the effectiveness of strelnicova breathing exercise on pulmonary function among children with lower respiratory tract infection in a selected hospital. Quasi experimental research design was adopted for this study.Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria by using purposive sampling technique, 60 samples were selected and assigned in both experimental group and control group. The demographic variables and clinical variables were collected by structured interview schedule. The Clinical respiratory score with 8 parameters were assessed by history collection, physical examination, stethoscope and pulseoxymeter. Pulmonary function was assessed by using a spirometer. The result of the study revealed that there is a significant difference between pretest and post test scores of clinical respiratory scores and pulmonary function parameters like FEV1,FVC,PEFR among children with lower respiratory tract infection. at 5% level of significance in experimental group and there is an significant association between the pulmonary function parameter and residential area, frequent history of respiratory infection. Therefore the study concluded that strelnikova breathing exercise is an effective intervention to improve pulmonary function among children who were admitted with lower respiratory tract infection.

This work describes a new, fully validated, simple, rapid, selective, and sensitive HPLC method with UV detection for the direct determination of Lisinopril and Hydrochlorothiazide tablet dosage form The mobile phase consisted of Phosphate buffer: Methanol (85:15) adjust pH 4.5 with orthophosphoric acid. The linearity range of Lisinopril was found to be 4-20 μg/ml and Hydrochlorothiazide 5-25 μg/ml. Detection was done at 291 nm and the retention time of Lisinopril was found to be 3.1 min and Hydrochlorothiazide 4.6 min with the flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. The method was found to be simple, linear, rapid, accurate, precise, reproducible and robust.

Les bassins versants du Burkina Faso, cruciaux pour l'approvisionnement en eau de surface, subissent une dégradation caractérisée par une diminution des superficies des plans d'eau. Cette tendance alarmante a motivé, la présente étude, dont l'objectif est d'analyser l'évolution temporelle et spatiale des plans d'eau du bassin versant du Lac Bam. La méthodologie adoptée repose sur une analyse diachronique des images Landsat des années 1986, 2000 et 2014. Les résultats obtenus révèlent une disparité morphologique de l'espace occupé par les plans d'eau au cours de la période étudiée. En effet, ces plans d'eau sont passés d'une superficie de 2885,67 hectares en 1986 à 1105,75 hectares en 2000, pour atteindre 618,37 hectares en 2014, soit un taux moyen de régression annuel de 2,80% en 28 ans. Quant au réservoir du lac, il a également subi une régression significative de sa superficie et de son périmètre au cours de la même période. Le périmètre du lac a diminué passant de 64,77 kilomètres en 1986 à 48,30 kilomètres en 2000, puis à 42,38 kilomètres en 2014. Parallèlement, sa superficie a également connu une diminution, passant de 853,67 hectares en 1986 à 585,11 hectares en 2000, pour finalement atteindre 349,63 hectares en 2014. Ces résultats mettent en évidence une évolution préoccupante de la dynamique des plans d'eau du bassin versant du Lac Bam, soulignant ainsi l'urgence d'identifier les facteurs sous-jacents à cette régression et de proposer des mesures appropriées pour une gestion durable de ces ressources en eau.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders or MSK disorders is more commonly seen in Dental professionals as an occupational hazard as compared to others. It was attributed numerous risk factors including prolonged static posture, repetitive movements, suboptimal lighting, poor and awkward posture adaptation, mental stress, age etc. Dentists are at high risk of musculoskeletal pain and disorders as they are vulnerable to mal-posture. As a result, several researchers found that occupational related MSD is widespread among Dental professionals and resulting in altering their work productivity. The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of cervical pain among the Dental community and report its impact on activities of daily living. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of cervical pain in Dental professionals and its impact on activities of daily living by using neck disability index (NDI). Materials and Methods: A survey study was conducted on 47 dentists working in government and private hospitals and clinics in Nagpur, Maharashtra. Participants with history of major trauma, major surgery, and other comorbidities were excluded. Data was collected by using the neck disability index. The collected data was entered and analysed by using graph pad prism 5. Statistical Analysis Used: A frequency and percentage table was used to analyse prevalence of cervical pain among the dentist community. Results: The response rate was 100% out of 47 dentists 32 were males and 15 were females with age group range 30 to 50 years with 5 years of experience. The neck disability index was used to analyse the severity. Our study reveals that 0(0.00%) male found to be having no disability, while 6(40%) females found to be with no disability. In case of mild disability male 20(62.5%) male were recorded while 9(60%) females were recorded in this. In moderate male 12(37.5%) found to be positive in females no such evidence recorded. Conclusions: Dentists are prone to develop cervical pain due to their awkward and poor posture. The male candidates are more vulnerable to develop cervical pain as compared to females. Prolonged static posture, repetitive movements and long working hours without rest periods are major contributing factors in cervical discomfort among dentists.

Introduction: At present, there has been exponential rise in the use of smart devices by the population. Children, especially older than 10 years of age are engaged in excessive use of Internet. Screen activities can be beneficial for young people in many ways. For instance, youth’s use of social media sites has been found increase new friendships, Interpersonal capabilities and social interaction. It is important to study the various behavioral and emotional problems associated with smart devices usage as studies reports various academic, social, family, emotional issues are being reported due to smart devices usage. Aim: To assess the behavioral and emotional problems related to usage of smart devices among children as perceived by their mothers. Methodology: A descriptive research design was used to assess the behavioral and emotional problems related to usage of smart devices as perceived by their mothers. The study was conducted in Guru Gobind Singh Nagar, Guru Hargobind singh Nagar of Shimlapuri, Ludhiana. A total sample of 300 mothers was selected by purposive sampling technique. The data was collected by using Strengths and difficulties Questionnaire, baseline parent version (by Dr. Robert Goodman 1997) and analyzed as per objectives of study. Result: As per the result of study (55%) children had no behavioral and emotional problems, followed by (31%) had abnormal behavior and emotions and only (14%) children were at the verge to develop the behavioral and emotional problems due to usage of smart devices as perceived by their mothers. The significant relationship of behavioral and emotional problems was found with gender of children at p>0.0. Conclusion: The present study concluded that more than half of children had no behavior and emotional problems. Whereas, (31%) children had behavioral and emotional problems due to use of smart devices.

Childhood nutrition and eating behaviors have become increasingly significant topics of concern due to their profound impact on long-term health and well-being. In the context of this concern, this study delved into the influence of parental feeding style on the eating behaviors of children residing in the rural areas of Changzhi City, situated in the Shanxi Province of China, exploring the dynamic interplay between parental practices and children's dietary habits to shed light on a crucial aspect of childhood nutrition. This correlation research study investigated the relationship between parental feeding style and children's eating behaviors using a correlational research design and involving a sample of 200 parents. The study specifically sought to explore potential associations between various parental feeding styles and specific eating behaviors exhibited by children.Data was collected through structured surveys administered to parents of children aged 3–12 years. The survey assessed parental feeding styles and their correlation with children's eating behaviors, including lack of appetite, picky eating, poor eating habits, parents' inappropriate expectations, fear of eating, and potential illness. The results of the analysis indicate that there is no significant correlation between parental feeding style and children's eating behaviors for all categories studied. The Pearson's χ² values for lack of appetite (0.50, p = 0.92), picky eating (0.72, p = 0.88), poor eating habits (2.08, p = 0.57), parents' inappropriate expectations (0.76, p = 0.86), fear of eating (0.95, p = 0.81), and potential illness (1.91, p = 0.65) all yielded p-values that are not statistically significant. These findings suggest that in this sample of 200 parents, there is no strong evidence to support a significant relationship between parental feeding style and the identified eating behaviors in children. The results emphasize the need for further research to explore additional factors that may contribute to children's eating behaviors, beyond the scope of parental feeding style.

Background: The widely reported associations between body mass index (BMI) and various chronic diseases, such as hypertension and coronary heart diseases have garnered significant attention. Nonetheless, there remains a dearth of research dedicated to understanding the health impacts of medical college on the students, who experience considerable academic pressure. In that context, this study was driven by the goal of investigating the intricate interplay between BMI, blood pressure (BP) among medical students. Blood pressure (BP) has been found to rise among populations due to the high body mass index (BMI). Overweight and persons who have high BP are prone to develop heart diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between BMI and BP among medical students in both males and females aged 18 years and above. Methods: 120 medical students were enrolled in the study. BMI (Kg/m2) and blood pressure (mmHg) were measured. The data was analysed using appropriate statistical tests. Results: The mean value of systolic blood pressure in normal weight participants was 111.70±3.34, the mean value in overweight was 114.10±3.78 and in obese volunteers the mean value was 126.90 ±5.04. It was observed that as the weight goes on increasing the BP also increases and was statistically significant. The mean value of diastolic blood pressure in normal weight was 70.10 ± 1.75, the mean value in over weight was 75.60 ±1.51 and in obese the mean value was 85.60 ±5.67 which was found to be increased in obese. The p value was <0.001 hence statistically significant. In our study significant increase in pulse rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure was observed in overweight and obese as compared to normal weight. Conclusions: BMI demonstrated a notably strong positive correlation with both diastolic BP and systolic BP. Therefore, for medical students as well as the daily health care of patients, weight control is recommended to better combat obesity-related diseases, for example, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and dyslipideamia.

Interventional radiology (IR) utilizes minimally invasive techniques guided by imaging technologies to diagnose and treat various conditions within the body. This study explores the benefits of pre-planned hardware strategies in IR procedures, aiming to optimize procedural efficiency while minimizing radiation exposure. Methods include stratified sampling, imaging modalities, statistical analysis, computational modeling, and clinical observations to study arterial anatomy variations. A prospective study design involved comprehensive patient evaluation and collaboration among interventional radiologists to formulate detailed plans for intervention hardware tailored to each patient's vascular anatomy. Implementation of pre-planned hardware strategies resulted in improved procedural efficiency, reduced radiation exposure, and enhanced patient outcomes. Future research should focus on long-term implications and broader implementation of this approach.

This paper tries to examine the nexus between the level of women empowerment and the fertility behaviour of Muslims in rural West Bengal. The study is conducted in six selected CD blocks of Murshidabad district of West Bengal. The present study has been done based on primary data supplemented by data from secondary sources. The target group of the sample population is Muslim married women in the reproductive age group 15-49 years. Data has been analysed using statistical software (SPSS). Similarly, GIS software (ArcGIS 10.3) is used for mapping. The result of the study shows a negative association between women empowerment and fertility behaviour for Muslims in the study area. The empowerment status of Muslim Women is found to be quite poor in the study area; it has a positive relation with the fertility behaviour of the Muslims in West Bengal.

All UN Member States acceded to the 2030 Program for Sustainable Development in 2015, and it prepares an extensive framework for peace and well-being for people and the planet both now and in the coming time. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a high-priority call to action for all developed and developing nations, are central to this initiative. An array of indicators is used to surveil progress in the direction of each SDG as a part of the National Indicator Framework for the SDGs in India. These indicators align with international hands created by the United Nations and include various social, economic, and environmental characteristics. National surveys, administrative records, censuses, and other data sources are used to assemble information for the SDGs in India. The National Sample Survey (NSS), the Annual Survey of Industries (ASI), the Census of India, the National Data and Analytics Platform (NDAP), NITI Aayog, and several sector-specific surveys performed by various ministries and departments are some of the primary data sources. International organizations, including the World Bank, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and other research institutions, also produce data and scrutinize the SDGs in India in addition to the government. As per their own data gathering and analysis, these organizations offer penetrative assessments of India's progress in reaching the SDGs. A spatial analysis and regression model has been developed on the collected dataset to assess spatiotemporal progress toward achieving the SDGs in the Indian context. This study exhibits the use of geographically referenced information analysis in mapping the SDGs as presented in the SDG India Index: Composite score, reported by the National Data and Analytics Platform. In Spatial Analysis, we have checked the spatial autocorrelation of the SDG India Index Composite score and its supporting indices across 36 states. In Spatial Regression, an OLS model has been developed by taking the SDG India Index: Reduced Inequality as the dependent variable and other SDG Goals as independent variables. However, only 8 SDG Goals have been finalized as independent variables to make the model significant. Spatial dependence in the developed linear model has been checked based on Lagrange multiplier diagnostics. The statistics in Lagrange multiplier diagnostics are the simple LM test for error dependence, the simple LM test for the sake of a missing spatially lagged dependent variable, variants robust to the presence of the other, and a portmanteau test. Lagrange Multiplier Test is the procedure suggested in (Anselin, 2005) to choose the appropriate model form. After estimating the proper model, the hypotheses are tested. After the analysis, we have opted for the OLS model, as suggested by Lagrange multiplier diagnostics. A Spatial Durbin linear model has been constructed on the developed OLS model to probe the impact of neighboring regions' independent variable values on the dependent variable, SDG India Index: Reduced Inequality.

This study aims to oversee the challenges for Notary, who in their legal standing shall abide towards tabellionis officium fideliterexcercebo, but on the other hand faces digital revolution among various aspects that led them to require the methods of cyber notary. This study uses normative approach, historical and legal research methods, including primary, secondary and tertiary sources of legal materials, and uses the snowball samplings that also involves participants, all of whom are Notary. The results of the study show that Notary has always been conventional since the dawn of their time, Roman Republic. Throughout historical records, it is safe to say that both Notary and conventional works are inseparable. Therefore, further regulations, mainly one which stands as sole legal protection for cyber notary, shall be made. Given that, then it is possible for Notary to do cyber notary. Because theoretically speaking, it is very unsafe to consider both Notary and cyber notary to be the same body. This is almost specifically spoken by many notaries, including Notary I Gusti Ngurah Maha Buana and Notary Wirawan. Despite skeptical respond from both, even they would agree that cyber notary is inevitable with the flow of time in the digital revolution era is inevitable.

This quantitative research investigates the proficiency levels and attitudes of secondary school students towards Bengali language as their mother tongue in the South 24 Parganas District of West Bengal, India. The study fills a critical gap in the literature by focusing on the Bengali-speaking community within a predominantly monolingual context, shedding light on the intricate dynamics influencing language learning outcomes. Through rigorous methodologies, nuanced insights into the complex interplay between language proficiency, attitudes, socio-economic factors, and educational resources were revealed. Analysis of proficiency levels highlighted variations across reading, writing, listening, and speaking domains, emphasizing the need for comprehensive language instruction tailored to address specific skill deficiencies. While reading and writing skills generally scored higher, challenges were observed in listening and speaking proficiency, indicating areas for targeted intervention and support. Furthermore, the exploration of students' attitudes towards Bengali language uncovered a generally positive disposition towards the mother tongue, with notable variations in perceptions, motivations, and engagement with the language curriculum. The significant relationship between attitudes and overall engagement suggests the pivotal role of fostering positive attitudes in enhancing students' motivation and participation in language learning activities. Moreover, the study revealed a moderate positive correlation between proficiency levels and attitudes towards Bengali language, highlighting the reciprocal relationship between language proficiency and attitudes. Additionally, the influence of socio-economic status and educational resources on language proficiency and attitudes emerged as significant factors warranting attention. While initial analysis indicated potential disparities based on socio-economic factors, further investigation is required to understand the full extent of these differences and their implications for language learning outcomes. Overall, the findings contribute valuable insights to the existing literature on language education, emphasizing the importance of considering socio-cultural context and individual learner characteristics in designing effective language education policies and practices. Further research using advanced statistical techniques and longitudinal studies is warranted to validate these findings and inform evidence-based language education policies and practices, aiming to enhance language proficiency, promote linguistic inclusivity, and facilitate academic success among students in Bengali-speaking communities.

Objective- To determine the effects of body weight supported treadmill training on bone mineral density in stroke patients. Method- A scoping review of observational, experimental, randomized control trail, cross sectional studies were performed. SCOPUS, Google Scholar, EBSCO and PubMed were searched using the terms bone mineral density and stroke. Preferred reporting items for scoping review, PRISMA-Scoping review checklist was used to examine the section of each report. Result- A Total of 47 studies were identified of which 8 were published between 2001-2023 and were included in the study. Two studies were included in our study showed positive effect of body weight supported treadmill training on bone mineral density. Furthermore, few studies which were included showed us BMD of the affected side was not different from normal side. Affected and unaffected side BMD were not significantly different. Conclusion- This study demonstrates that there is significant effect of body weight supported treadmill training on bone mineral density.

In Ayurvedic science, diagnosis of disease is done with help of Nidan Panchaka. In five-fold examination, Poorvaroopa is one of the component/parts of Nidan Panchak. Poorvaroopa means prodromal features. Nodisease appears all of a sudden. Time taken between etiological factors intake to appearance of specific disease is of Poorvaroopa. They are premonitory features that manifest before the actual emergence of disease. These symptoms could be Doshik or Adoshik. Proovaroopa are of two types, general and specific. Careful understanding of Poorvaroopa helps in differential diagnosis of diseases. Poorvaroopa also helps determine prognosis of any disease. Appearance of all Poorvaroopa of any disease isconsidered bad prognosis because it means disease is incurable. At Proovaroopa stage, treatment modalities for any disease are simpler or easier.

Bhagandara is a common ano-rectal disorder which is also described as a Mahagada in Ayurved. It can be correlated with Fistula-in-ano in modern science. Different surgical treatments are available in modern science but they all have some complications and recurrence. Kshara-sutra is a unique minimal invasive para-surgical procedure of Ayurvedic science which cures Bhagandara without complications and recurrence. In the present research work, Guggulu Apamarga Kshara-sutra and Guggulu Bibhitaki Kshara-sutra were prepared for the management of Bhagandara. 34 diagnosed cases of Bhagandara in two equal groups of 17 patients each (on the basis of computer generated randomization number) were selected from OPD and IPD of P.G. Department of Shalya Tantra, Rishikul campus hospital, Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India). First group (group A) was treated with Guggulu Apamarga Kshara-sutra ligation and second group (group B) was treated with Guggulu Bibhitaki Kshara-sutra ligation. All 34 patients completed the study and got cured. No complications were observed in this clinical study during treatment as well as in follow up period. Whole research work was statistically analysed and conclusion was drawn out.