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Effect of maternal exposure to kitchen fuel on birth weight of newborn; a community based study in a rural block of West bengal

Author: 
Dasgupta Aparajita, BiswasDhiraj, SahooSanjayakumar, Kumar Amitava and Preeti, P. S.
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Background: Maternal exposure to wood fuel smoke may lead to impaired fetal growth due to hypoxia and oxidative stress from smoke constituents. Objectives: Risk of low birth weight (LBW) and reduced mean birth weight in relation to use of high pollution fuel for cooking during the antenatal period, compared with low pollution fuel. Methods: The study was done among women with singleton live birth. Duration of cooking and type of fuel used during the pregnancies periods were ascertained by a survey. Effect of common confounders leading to LBW was adjusted with appropriate statistical methods. Results: Mean ± SD of birth weight (Kg) was 3.033±.25 in low-pollution fuel users, 2.688±.26 in medium-pollution and 2.668±.45 in high-pollution fuel users. Proportion of low birth weight among high-pollution fuel users was 78.3%, in medium-pollution fuel users it was 21.7% while there was no LBW among low-pollution fuel users. These differences were found to be significant. As duration of exposure to wood fuel increases there is significant decline in birth weight (F = 9.28, P = 0.00). Conclusion: Cooking with wood fuel during pregnancy is modifiable risk factor associated with LBW as compared to use of LPG.

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