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Fungal species associated with collapsed strawberry plants cultivated in strawberries plantations in Morocco

Author: 
Najoua MOUDEN, Rachid BENKIRANE, Amina OUAZZANI TOUHAMI and Allal DOUIRA
Subject Area: 
Life Sciences
Abstract: 

Strawberry plants of Venicia variety severely affected by collapse which has leads to their total drying were brought by a farmer in the laboratory in spring 2011 from Dlalha village (Gharb-Loukkos, Northwestern Morocco). The ignorance of the causes of this decline required a mycological laboratory analysis based on the identification of fungi colonizing samples and calculating the infection percentages for different vegetative organs. The highest isolation proportions reaching 50% and 38.4% were recorded respectively by Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria alternata on strawberries, 30 and 55.5% on strawberry leaves, increasing to 56.4% and 65% on stems also hosting Fusarium oxysporum isolated with a frequency of 30.4% and Fusarium sp. (13.4%). On the aerial parts, 8 fungal species were poorly represented and whose contamination percentages ranging from 4.35% to 11.1%. Isolations made from the crown and roots allowed detection of Macrophomina phaseolina, F. oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani whose proportions vary from 28.6% to 52.6%, 38% to 42.1% and 42.8% to 47.36%. However, weaker frequencies of isolation were assigned to Cylindrocarpon desctrutans, Pythium sp. and Phytophthora sp. not exceeding 10.53% and 5.26% respectively. These telluric agents were accompanied by Aspergillus nidulans (19.05%), Trichoderma sp. (4.76%) and Cuninghamella sp. (9.52%).

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