Occupational, lifestyle, and residential factors influencing the health of information technology professionals: a comprehensive review

The Information Technology (IT) industry has emerged as one of the most influential sectors driving economic growth, innovation, and digital transformation globally. Despite its numerous contributions, the occupational characteristics associated with IT work have introduced several health-related challenges. Prolonged computer usage, sedentary work patterns, excessive screen exposure, occupational stress, irregular sleep schedules, and limited physical activity have been identified as major factors affecting the health of IT professionals. Furthermore, increasing urbanization and dependence on apartment-based residential environments may indirectly contribute to reduced physical movement, diminished social interaction, and lifestyle-related health risks. This review examines the combined influence of occupational, lifestyle, and residential factors on the physical, psychological, and social well-being of IT professionals. Evidence from existing literature suggests a growing prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, visual fatigue, metabolic abnormalities, sleep disturbances, psychological stress, and social isolation among technology workers. The review also discusses preventive and promotive strategies, including ergonomic interventions, regular physical activity, stress management, social engagement, and holistic health practices. Promoting a balanced lifestyle is essential for sustaining long-term health, productivity, and quality of life among IT professionals.