
The horseshoe kidney is the most frequent genitourinary anomaly, characterized by series of anatomical events of congenital fusion of both kidneys across midline, non-rotation, arrest of ascent and vascular changes. It is important to understand embryogenesis and development of HSK, which explains the vascular changes and related complications. Horseshoe kidney is more prone to a variety of complications, the common ones are pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction, infection, urolithiasis, trauma and malignancy. Multimodality imaging plays a vital role not just by providing information about the vascular supply to HSK but also helps in diagnosing associated complications in patients with HSK.