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P53, KI67, Brca1 and brca 2 genes over expression in paraffin embedded primary breast cancer tissues of an indigenous black population: a 5years retrospective study

Author: 
Oboma, Yibala I., Madukwe Jonathan and Stephen O. Elesha
Subject Area: 
Life Sciences
Abstract: 

Molecular markers have been extensively investigated with a view to providing early, precise and accurate information on breast tumor outcome and predict response to treatment. We aim at comparing overexpression of certain tumour markers in patient below and above 50years of age. Archived breast tissue specimens were retrieved from the department of histopathology and subjected to routine pathological examinations and receptor status assessed by immunostain. The p53, Ki-67, BRCA1 and BRCA2 over expression were reported as dark golden-brown precipitate in 35%, 70%, 75% and 55% respectively out of the 20 cases that were malignant within the period of study. The p53 overexpression was more frequently seen in patients below 50years (85.7%), compared with those over 50 years old (14.3%).The immunohistochemical over expression of p53 shows high degree of receptor negativity for Her 2, progesterone and estrogen compared with positive receptor status. The Ki-67 immunostain shows more reactivity in patient below 50 (71.4%) compared with those above 50 years (28.6%). Ki-67 over expression was seen in 57.1%, 57.1%, and 35.7% for estrogen, progesterone, and Her2+ respectively compared with 42.9%, 42.9% and 64.3% with majority of the tumour been grade 3(71.4%).Also the immunostain ratio of BRCA 1: BRCA 2 shows a corresponding reactivity for estrogen positivity of 67.7:40.0%, progesterone 80.0:30.0% and Her2+ of 26.7:20.0% versus corresponding negativity of 33.3:60.0%, 20.0:70.0%, 73.3:80.0% for estrogen, progesterone and Her2 though not statistically significant at p<0.05.Tumor suppressor gene and proliferative tendencies is more expressed in breast cancer patients below 50 years suggesting good prognosis and response to treatment than those above 50years.

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