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Salivary lactate dehydrogenase a diagnostic markers for oral Leukoplakia- a short study

Author: 
Dr. Manoj Upadhyay, Dr. Rahul Puri Goswami, Dr. Sakshi Malik, Dr. Ashish Vyas and Dr. Manish Sharma
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Introduction: Leukoplakia has evolved as a clinic-pathologic concept over many years, with the current clinical term being established worldwide. Insightful of the biology of leukoplakia is the concept of cellular atypia and epithelial dysplasia. It is the most common potential premaliganant lesion and has high incidence of conversion into malignant lesion. Various noninvasive methods were studied to demonstrate metabolic changes in oral pathological condition. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme is found in various cells in our body. Salivary LDH is similar to that found in oral epithelium & serum. Conversion of a normal tissue into a premalignant lesion result in an alteration in glycolytic pathway causes variation in LDH level. Therefore this study was carried out to determine changes in salivary LDH level of individual with normal and to compare it with patient of different grades oral dysplasia. Method: Sixty patients reported to Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology at Vyas Dental College & Hospital were enrolled into study of which 15 patients with for each grade of dysplasia and 15 healthy controls were taken. Unstimulated saliva measuring 1ml was collected from each of the patient by spit method. The collected sample was centrifuged & evaluated for LDH level using Vitros 250 autoanalyzer. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Result: Salivary LDH level was higher in different grades of dysplasia patients when compared to healthy control group. Conclusion: Salivary LDH estimation can prove to be a valuable substitute as a biochemical marker as it is simple noninvasive and easily accepted by the patient.

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