Bio energy provides an irreversible mitigation benefit when it displaces fossil fuels. Mitigation benefits of afforestation or forest protection will be lost if deforestation occurs. Non-commercial energy sources, predominantly fuel wood, chips and dung cakes, contribute around 30% of the total primary energy consumed. The overall trend in the last decade in primary energy consumption for cooking in rural areas exhibits that the number of households using firewood as primary cooking fuel is increasing steadily, while there is no significant transition with regards to Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). Bio fuels can include relatively familiar ones, such as ethanol made from sugar cane or diesel-like fuel made from soybean oil, to less familiar fuels such as dimethyl ether (DME) or Fischer-Tropsch liquids (FTL) made from lignocellulosic biomass or Ethanol produced from the fermentation of sugar by enzymes produced from specific varieties of yeast.
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