Background: The expansion of the olive cultivation resulted in the north of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to import many cultivars from several countries and planted, which requires the study of the impact of environmental conditions on these cultivars and their success. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out during 2004 and 2005 growing seasons on five olive cultivars (Olea europea L.). The aim of this study was to evaluative the important olive cultivars introduced recently for cultivation in the North Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. These cultivars are Manzanilla, K18, Sourani, Nabali and Picual growing in the project of the Al-Jouf Agricultural Development Company in Bosita, Ten trees (as a replicates) were selected of similar size and age (about 10 years) from each cultivar. The tested trees received the same agro-technical practices adopted in this district. The following characteristics were studied: flowering and fruiting the results of the study show that the species differed among themselves in a lot of floral traits and fruiting. Results: cv. Picual was an outstanding first qualities crop (fruits, oil) for the tree with the qualities of a good fruiting making it the best cultivars for the extraction of oil as well as excellence cv. Manzanilla qualities of fruits and this makes it even better for dual-purpose items and was a cv. Sourani best by the oil in the fruit so it is recommended to these three cultivars of superiority over the rest of the cultivars, it can also take advantage of the cultivars of k18 and indifferent of Nabali for pickling.
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