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The global coping strategy for paramedics: scoping review

Author: 
Anas Alnasser
Subject Area: 
Life Sciences
Abstract: 

Background: Paramedics have high levels of exposure to trauma and low levels of psychosocial wellbeing. As such, paramedics develop a range of personal coping strategies with the aim of challenging the demands that are put upon them. The aim of this scoping review is to understand the full range of coping strategies used by paramedics in response to exposure to trauma. Method: Electronic databases were searched on the basis of key search terms in order to identify research relevant to the research question. Eligibility criteria were applied during a process of sequential title and abstract screening. Following data extraction of key aspects of identified research, key coping strategies were identified and discussed. Results: Three key coping mechanisms were identified as follows: the use of humour, the use of alcohol, and the use of family social support. The studies identified were highly variable in their design, and many identified more than one coping mechanism used by paramedics. While the majority of studies identified the use of humour as a coping strategy, the use of alcohol was much more varied, likely due to differences in cultural norms relating to alcohol. Similarly, the use of family as social support was distinctly different across studies, with some identifying it as a useful strategy, and others clearly suggesting paramedics intentionally avoid this strategy to reduce burdening their loved ones. Conclusion: The coping strategies used by paramedics to stressful trauma varied across studies. Paramedics tend to seek family support, use alcohol and have sense of humour in response to traumatic events.

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