Background: Leukemias are a group of diseases characterized by increased numbers of abnormal white cells in the blood and bone marrow. Two promising products such as silibinin and trans-retinoic acid have found to have anti-cancer effects. Aims and Objectives: This work aims to study the effect of silibinin, and trans-retinoic acid on leukemia cells (LC) propagated ex-vivo in comparison with normal cells. Materials and Methods: This study was done on 75 subjects that divided into three groups: 25 AML patients group, 25 CML patients group and 25 healthy controls group enrolled in a prospective study. Blood samples were collected and LC was isolated from whole blood samples. Haemocytometer cell count and viability studies, immunophenotypic characterization levels were detected by flowcytometry, and -IFN-γ level was performed by ELISA technique. Results: Silibinin and TRA treatment show significant differences in the level of cell density, γ-IFN, and CD4% among AML and CML patients compared to normal healthy control persons , on the contrary CD8 did show insignificant difference among the previous mentioned groups due to the previous mentioned treatment. Conclusion: We may suggest that combination therapy of silibinin and TRA could be useful treatment of CML and AML patients.
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