In 2009, a group of armed jihadists called Boko Haram revolted against the Nigerian government and unleashed terror, deaths and destruction on civilians, mainly in the northeast of the country. The Nigerian security forces, backed by a militia, responded with great force. In the attacks and reprisal, war crimes and crimes against humanity have allegedly been committed by all sides. National prosecutions are slow or non-existent, with a handful of detainees facing prosecution in makeshift courts located at military bases. Individuals culpable for the monstrous crimes still elude arrest. The ICC in a preliminary examination identified eight cases of potential war crimes and crimes against humanity in the conflict but has not preferred charges. Amidst this passivity, the victims are yearning for justice. It is recommended that the ICC should augment the initiatives of the Nigerian government by prosecuting the leaders and sponsors of the group, especially those taking refuge outside Nigerian territory. The Court can deploy its expertise and international warrants to secure their arrest and prosecution. For the victims of the conflict, justice is imperative and the assured path to peace, stability and reconciliation.
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