To study the role of lipid profile with severity and outcome in snake bite patients

Background: Snakebite is a major public health problem throughout the world and more so in tropical and subtropical countries, where people are more engaged in agriculture work have highest incidences of snake bites. Lipid profile at the time of admission can be helpful to predict severity, course as well as outcome of these snake bite patients. Methodology: This was a descriptive case control study which was carried out over all the patients of snake bite being admitted to various medical wards of Maharana Bhupal Government Hospital, attached to R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur (Rajasthan) from January 2020 to November 2020. Result: Maximum incidence of snake bite was found in males (58%), from rural area (88%) and farmer (54%) by occupation. It was observed that bite was common in monsoon and post monsoon season (90%), bite was common in lower extremities (72%) and at day time(54%). Among all bites, 12% were contributed by non- poisonous and rest 88% were poisonous bites, out of which 54% were haemorrhagic and 34% were neuroparalytic. The mean serum total cholesterol levels were significantly lower (P<0.034) in severe cases (133.65 mg/dl) as compared to moderate (147.30mg/dl) and mild (149.50 mg/dl) cases. The mean serum triglyceride levels were lower in severe cases (116.15mg/dl), as compared to moderate (120.07 mg/dl) and mild (133.92 mg/dl) cases. The mean serum HDL levels were lower in severe cases (31.95mg/dl), as compared to moderate (33.69 mg/dl) and mild (37.42 mg/dl) cases. The mean serum LDL levels were lower in severe cases (61.50mg/dl), as compared to moderate (69.07 mg/dl) and mild (69.83 mg/dl) cases. Conclusion: Lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL, HDL) were significantly decreased in snake bite patients both with hemorrhagic and neuro-paralytic. In our study, we found that a negative correlation exits between serum TC,TG, HDL, LDL and severity of envenomation. Hence,we can use lipid profile as a surrogate marker of severity of snake bite envenomation and predicting the complication and recovery.