May 2026

Rita El Khayat est psychiatre-psychanalyste, conférencière dans plusieurs universités en Italie, aux États-Unis, en Jordanie… , auteure de nombreux ouvrages. Elle consacre ses recherches à la féminité, à la science et à la modernité. Son expérience de psychiatre irrigue son écriture littéraire et artistique. Son expérience clinique de psychiatre a nourri son œuvre romanesque, poétique et picturale, en lui offrant une matière humaine et existentielle d’une rare intensité. Sa pratique psychiatrique devient source d’art vu le nombre de cas qu’elle reçoit dans différentes contrées . De ses consultations et même de sa vie privée, jaillissent des gerbes de vie qui se transforment en vers et en récits. En lisant ‘’La folie El-Hank Casablanca’’, ‘’La beauté des vieilles femmes : amour et sexualité chez les femmes âgées’’, ‘’Le Désenfantement’’… , en regardant ses tableaux ou lors d’un débat, se reflètent des voix multiples de souffrance et de résilience.

Sustainable water management is part of the process of resource replenishment. Indeed, a deterioration in water quality upstream can persist for several hundred kilometres and affect water use much further downstream. Sustainable development requires balancing social and economic concerns with environmental concerns, taking into account the essential yet limiting factor: water. The challenge of sustainable water management is an empirical study based on a qualitative approach. The data collection tools that enabled us to gather information to confirm or refute our hypotheses were semi-structured interviews and observation. Based on the information collected in the field, water is now perceived not only as an economic, vital or agricultural resource, but as a recomposed universe. To ensure sustainable water management, the populations of the Bamboutos department should take into account all the aspects and functions in which water plays a role.

In our previous paper (2025: Akitaka Kojima & Naomi Katayama), we reported, based on analytical values obtained from the Japan Food Research Laboratories, that wood ear mushrooms are an effective food source for calcium and vitamin D intake. However, the vitamin D value for cultivated wood ear mushrooms obtained from the Japan Food Research Laboratories in the previous report was shown as the sum of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3. Therefore, we again requested the Japan Food Research Laboratories to confirm the vitamin D2 and D3 values in past wood ear mushroom analyses. As a result, dried wood ear mushrooms from China (commercially available dried wood ear mushrooms purchased at the supermarket AEON) had a vitamin D2 value of 83.5 µg/100g and a vitamin D3 value of less than 3 µg/100g. Furthermore, finely powdered dried wood ear mushrooms from China, ground using a grinder (Iwatani Millser), showed a vitamin D2 value of 93.3 µg/100g and a vitamin D3 value of less than 3 µg/100g. Coarse powder showed a vitamin D2 value of 106 µg/100g and a vitamin D3 value of less than 10 µg/100g. similarly, dried wood mushroom ears from China, after being cooked (boiled for 2 hours), showed a vitamin D2 value of 6.3 µg/100g and a vitamin D3 value of less than 0.7 µg/100g. From these results, it was found that the vitamin D contained in wood ear mushrooms is mainly vitamin D2, and that it is highly likely that more vitamin D2 can be obtained through ultraviolet irradiation.

Background of the study: Fever itself is not an illness. A fever is a common side effect of illness like the flu. It happens when there is a temporary rise in body temperature. A fever is usually a sign that immune system is busy fighting an infection or other illness. Water is an excellent conductor, which allows it to transfer heat effectively and quickly. Water has a temperature conducting capacity twenty-seven times that of air. Water gives up its heat rapidly, but does not cool quickly. When Hot Water Foot Bath applied for 15-20 minutes the blood vessels in the feet starts expanding and gets improved circulation, neutralizing acid and relieving aches, tiredness and fever. The improved blood circulation resets the hypothalamic set points by heat transfer from higher heat area to lower heat area. Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of hot water foot bath therapy on body temperature among patients with fever. Methodology: Quantitative approach was used for the study. Pre-test and post-test control group design was used to conduct the study. This study was conducted in ICUs of DMCH, Ludhiana, and Punjab. The target population consists patients with fever admitted in ICUs of DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab. Purposive sampling technique was used to draw sample from target population as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. With lottery method patients were divided in (N= 50) n1 (group 1) = 25 Experimental group and n2 (group 2) = 25 Control group . Pre assessment of body temperature was done using standardized scale digital thermometer. For experimental group hot water foot bath therapy 42 °C (107.6 °F) was given for 15 minutes. A post assessment of body temperature was done to determine the effectiveness of hot water foot bath therapy. Result: The findings of the study showed that significant difference has been found in experimental group and control group in pre-assessment mean of body temperature (100.632±0.4110) (100.624 ± 0.4944) and post -assessment mean of body temperature (99.424±0.5811) (100.648 ± 0.5516) respectively at p<0.05 level of significant. Conclusion: The finding of the study demonstrated that hot water foot bath therapy was an effective non pharmacological method to reduce the body temperature. The mean post assessment body temperature were lower than mean pre assessment body temperature. There was significant difference found in pre-assessment and post assessment in experimental group.

Against the backdrop of global energy transition, solar absorption refrigeration faces both opportunities and challenges. Currently, single-effect and double-effect systems using water-lithium bromide as the working pair dominate, but they suffer from issues such as crystallization, corrosion, and low energy efficiency. New working pairs like ionic liquids are limited by high viscosity and cost. The technology has a small application scale, with market penetration below 3%, investment costs more than three times those of electric refrigeration, payback periods exceeding nine years, and research primarily focused on regions with high solar irradiance.Vacuum tubes are suitable for medium- and low-temperature single-effect configurations, while troughs are better suited for high-temperature double-effect setups.Due to significant fluctuations in radiation and time-consuming thermal storage, it is recommended to accelerate the engineering validation of new working fluids, develop absorption-compression hybrid cycles, promote multi-grade energy coupling, and conduct field studies across different climate zones.

Education is fundamental for developing a skilled human resource, and is crucial for building and maintaining a strong and robust economy, elevating society, and inspiring a nation to reach new heights. The Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government of India has launched a comprehensive National Education Policy- 2020. NEP 2020 envisions learning that is holistic, integrated, inclusive, joyful learning without Burden that is both enjoyable and engaging. Emphasis was given on parameters namely; “Access, Equity, Quality, Affordability and Accountability. A key recommendation of NEP-2020 is the promotion of multidisciplinary research based on collaboration by the academic institutes. Lifelong learning and a focus in research prevent humans from becoming out-dated in society in terms of knowledge, skills, and experience needed to live comfortably. In this research paper, status of parameters of National Education Policy (NEP)-2020 has been discussed.

Tea cultivation in Myanmar has a long history, rooted in both tradition and culture, and continues to play a vital role in the nation’s agriculture and economy. Myanmar’s favorable climatic and geographic conditions, particularly in highland regions such as Shan State, support the growth of both indigenous and hybrid varieties of Camellia species. The production system involves careful propagation, contour planting, pruning cycles, plucking methods, and the use of shade trees to maintain quality and yield. Over the years, tea cultivation areas have expanded steadily, with significant contributions from different states and regions. Myanmar produces three main types of tea such as green tea, black tea, and pickled tea (Laphet), the latter being unique to the country and central to its cultural identity. Value added tea products are popular because of consumers demands and most tea products are used for domestic consumption. Traditional processing methods remain prevalent, though modern mechanization is gradually being introduced. Beyond being an agricultural product tea, especially Laphet holds deep cultural and social significance, often served in ceremonies and daily life. Thus, tea in Myanmar represents a unique intersection of agriculture, economy, tradition, and cultural heritage.

Background: The root canal morphology of mandibular second premolars shows considerable anatomical variability, creating challenges during endodontic treatment. Among these variations, the C-shaped canal configuration is a rare but clinically significant anomaly that may be overlooked during routine diagnosis. Its occurrence in lingually tilted mandibular second premolars further complicates canal identification and treatment planning. Methods: This article reviews the incidence, classification, etiology, and clinical implications of C-shaped canals in mandibular second premolars through relevant literature and rare case reports. Diagnostic methods, including conventional radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), were evaluated for their role in detecting complex canal anatomy. Results: C-shaped canals in mandibular second premolars were found to be uncommon but clinically important because of their complex morphology and variable presentation. Lingually tilted premolars posed additional challenges in access preparation and canal negotiation. Conventional radiographs often failed to provide sufficient diagnostic information, whereas CBCT offered accurate three-dimensional visualization of the canal configuration, enabling better diagnosis and treatment planning. Conclusion: C-shaped canal configurations in mandibular second premolars are rare anatomical variations that require careful evaluation for successful endodontic management. CBCT significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy and aids clinicians in identifying complex canal systems, particularly in lingually tilted premolar.

Background: Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a significant cause of neonatal mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental morbidity. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the established standard of care for neonates with moderate to severe HIE. Aim: To determine mortality and neurodevelopmental outcome at one year of age in neonates with HIE Grade II/III who underwent whole body therapeutic hypothermia using a servo-controlled device. Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted at a Level 3A NICU from June 2018 to May 2020. Neonates of gestational age ≥36 weeks admitted within 6 hours of birth, fulfilling TOBY trial-based physiological and neurological eligibility criteria, were enrolled (n=35). Whole body cooling was administered using Tecotherm Neo™ at a target rectal temperature of 33.5°C for 72 hours, followed by gradual rewarming. Neurodevelopmental assessment was performed using the modified Hammersmith neurological examination at discharge and the Trivandrum Developmental Screening Chart (TDSC) at one year of age. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test; p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of 35 enrolled neonates, 30 (85.7%) survived to discharge. At one year follow-up, 25 of 30 survivors (83.3%) demonstrated normal neurodevelopmental outcome on TDSC. Requirement for invasive ventilation during cooling (p=0.016) and delayed establishment of direct breastfeeding beyond 48 hours (p=0.003) were significant predictors of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Conclusion: Therapeutic hypothermia using a servo-controlled device is associated with favorable survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonates with HIE Grade II/III in an Indian tertiary NICU setting. Invasive ventilation requirement and delayed breastfeeding are clinically useful prognostic markers for adverse outcomes at one year.

Introduction: Even though India has made significant economic advances, Odisha especially the KBK region—still suffers from high illness rates and weak health outcomes, driven by pervasive poverty, insufficient healthcare infrastructure, and social disadvantages. This study seeks to examine the prevalence and key determinants of morbidity in Odisha, with special emphasis on the KBK region, using data from a large-scale national survey. Methods: This study used data from the 75th round of the National Sample Survey (NSS) on Household Social Consumption: Health, which included 19,083 individuals from Odisha, with 4,183 belonging to the KBK region. Participants provided self-reported information on morbidities based on a 15-day recall period, classified into infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), disability, and other conditions. All prevalence rates are expressed per 1,000 populations. To identify socio-economic and demographic factors affecting monthly household health expenditure, multiple linear regression analysis was employed. Results: Morbidity prevalence in Odisha exceeded the national average, with the KBK region bearing a heavier burden of infectious diseases, while non-communicable diseases (NCDs) were more prevalent in other parts of the state. Among those reporting morbidity, females, urban residents, and lower-income households constituted a larger share. The regression analysis revealed that household size, income level, education, caste (specifically OBC), and the age of the household head had a significant impact on monthly health expenditure. In contrast, gender, religion, and marital status did not show a statistically significant effect. Hospitalization costs were highest for NCDs, followed by disability and then infectious diseases. Conclusion: The elevated morbidity rates, particularly the persistence of infectious diseases in the KBK region despite epidemiological transitions seen in other areas, highlight enduring health inequities rooted in socio-economic vulnerabilities. Targeted efforts to enhance healthcare access, strengthen disease prevention, and promote social upliftment are essential to narrowing health disparities and improving health outcomes for Odisha’s underserved populations.

To address the issues of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries under high-rate fast charging and the difficulty of a single cooling method to simultaneously meet temperature control, uniformity, and low energy consumption requirements, immersion cooling has become a popular thermal management technology due to its direct contact heat transfer and strong heat suppression capability. However, it still has shortcomings such as limited cooling media and insufficient temperature uniformity in large modules. This paper systematically summarises five mainstream immersion coupling strategies: jet impingement, cooling tube, phase change material, heat pipe two-phase, and intelligent algorithm. The heat transfer synergy mechanism and operating characteristics of each coupling structure are described separately. A comprehensive performance comparison of the different coupling schemes is conducted by establishing an evaluation system covering peak temperature, module temperature difference, parasitic power consumption, thermal safety, and engineering complexity. The application value of intelligent algorithms in parameter optimisation and dynamic regulation of immersion systems is also analysed. Existing deficiencies in multi field simulation, material compatibility, and engineering implementation of current coupling designs are pointed out. This work can provide a reference for the optimal design and engineering application of immersion coupling thermal management systems for lithium-ion batteries.

Les ressources en eau de surface sont fortement dépendantes des facteurs physiques. Ce sont principalement les précipitations, les températures, l’évapotranspiration, les ensablements, l’état des couverts végétaux, les cycles climatiques. Cependant, l’action anthropique contribue à faire varier sa disponibilité tant aux plans quantitatif que qualitatif. Des certitudes scientifiques ont démontré l’impact des changements globaux notamment climatiques, de la dynamique démographique et du changement du couvert végétal sur l’état des ressources en eau de surface. Aussi, les gestions inappropriées par manque de connaissances scientifiques sur les rapports qu’entretiennent les populations locales sur la base de leurs appréhensions des facteurs influençant la disponibilité des ressources en eau de surface sont de même à considérer. L’objectif donc de cette étude est de connaître l’appréciation qu’on les populations rurales des différents facteurs influençant la disponibilité de la ressource en eau de surface dans le bassin. C’est ainsi que dans le cadre du bassin versant de Vranso, une analyse à partir d’une enquête semi-structurée a été entreprise au sein de 170 chefs de ménages afin de comprendre l’appréciation des populations sur les facteurs de disponibilité de la ressource en eau de surface. Selon les résultats de la présente réflexion, il ressort de l’analyse à partir des échelles et du score moyen de Likert et des coefficients de Kendall que les populations soient 0.33 (τ) sur le coefficient de Kendall Tau ont une connaissance mitigée des facteurs influençant la disponibilité des ressources en eau de surface. Par conséquent, si des bienfaits de l’orpaillage sont énumérés par les populations comme étant des fertilisants agricoles, étant donné les rebuts qu’il engendre, l’orpaillage est aussi source de dégradation de la ressource en eau de surface. Celle-ci s’effectue à travers plusieurs canaux qui restent peu explorés étant donné l’expansion rapide de ce secteur.

Acute appendicitis remains the most common surgical emergency worldwide. Delayed presentation can result in perforation, abscess formation, localized or generalized peritonitis, and increased postoperative morbidity. We report the case of a 20-year-old male who presented with classical features of acute appendicitis progressing to perforation. Emergency open appendectomy revealed a large retrocecal perforated appendix with fecolith and extensive inflammatory adhesions. The patient underwent successful surgical management and recovered uneventfully.

The 2015 edition of the Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes recommended a daily intake of 5.5g of vitamin D. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, people have restricted their outings, spent more time at home, and taken more frequent precautions against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, such as using umbrellas and hats, when going outside. The 2025 edition of the Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes recommends a daily intake of 9µg of vitamin D. To increase vitamin D intake from food, we cultivated wood ear mushrooms, which are thought to have a high vitamin D content, and analyzed their vitamin D content at the National Food Research Institute, but the levels were below the detection limit. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify whether the vitamin D (vitamin D2 and vitamin D3) content of wood ear mushrooms (sun-dried) cultivated in the past would increase by irradiating them with UV light (253.7nm) using an indoor UV irradiation device. As a result of this study, the vitamin D (vitamin D2 and vitamin D3) content of cultivated wood ear mushrooms irradiated with UV light (253.7nm) for 3 hours was 236µg/100g, which is more than double the vitamin D content listed in the Japanese Food Composition Table. In the future, considering the use of domestically produced wood ear mushrooms as disaster food and space food, we aim to enhance their value as a food ingredient by managing factors such as "moisture content," "grinding particle size," and "UV irradiation conditions" to maximize the nutritional value of vitamin D2.

While regular exercise is essential for maintaining heart health, overexertion in the gym can lead to potential cardiovascular problems. By leveraging the power of technology, gym enthusiasts can undergo thorough health evaluations from the comfort of their homes on smartphones, contributing to a more personalized and proactive approach to fitness management. (1)A methodological study was conducted using modified Delphi technique to develop web-based health assessment and healthy heart instructions for gym goers. From the extensive review of literature, a preliminary draft of health assessment and healthy heart instructions for gym goers was prepared and given to 19 panelists to evaluate content in 2 Delphi rounds. The final draft was formatted into google form and face validity also was assessed by the experts. Reliability was calculated by assessing internal consistency using Cronbach alpha, by applying it on 20 gym goers. Usability was tested by obtaining responses via questionnaire (Google form) from same participants on the basis of 10 evaluatory parameters. The mean I-CVI (Item-CVI) scores of web-based health assessment and healthy heart instructions for gym goers in Delphi round 1&2 were 0.99 & 1 respectively. S-CVI/ Avg (Scale CVI/Average) were 0.99 & 1 in Delphi round 1& 2 respectively. SCVI/UA (S-CVI/Universal Agreement) improved from 0.96 to 1 in Delphi round 1& 2 respectively. All 19 experts expressed that google form had a logically ordered format and readable. The font size and response format were appropriate. Reliability of web-based health assessment and healthy heart instructions for gym goers was calculated as r=0.77 using Cronbach alpha. Usability of web-based health assessment and healthy heart instructions for gym goers revealed that it increases awareness about importance of healthy and safe practices among gym goers and helpful in reducing complications related to heart. The study concluded that the web-based health assessment and healthy heart instructions for gym goers is a valid and reliable instrument for increasing awareness about importance of healthy and safe practices among gym goers and helpful in reducing complications related to heart.

Introduction: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) to anterior teeth are among the most common dental emergencies encountered in children. Management of these injuries depends on the stage of root development, pulpal status, extent of crown loss, and availability of fractured tooth fragments. Conservative and biologically oriented treatment approaches are preferred to preserve tooth structure and maintain esthetics and function. Case Presentation: This case series describes the management of three traumatized permanent anterior teeth with varying stages of root development in children. The first case involved a complicated crown fracture managed with root canal treatment, fiber post placement, and fragment reattachment. The second case presented with a non-vital immature permanent incisor and open apex managed by apexification using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) followed by composite restoration. The third case involved a traumatized tooth with significant coronal destruction managed with root canal treatment, fiber post, core build-up, and direct composite restoration. Conclusion: Management of traumatic injuries to anterior teeth should be individualized according to the extent of injury, pulpal status, and stage of root development. Contemporary minimally invasive restorative techniques combined with endodontic procedures provide predictable esthetic and functional outcomes in growing children.

Artificial Intelligence has emerged as a transformative technology in academic libraries, significantly changing library operations, information retrieval, and research support services. This paper examines the evolution of AI applications in academic libraries, from early automation systems to modern generative AI technologies. It highlights major AI applications such as intelligent cataloguing, chatbots, natural language processing, recommender systems, machine learning, plagiarism detection, and research analytics. The study also discusses the benefits, challenges, ethical concerns, and future trends associated with AI adoption in libraries. The findings indicate that AI improves operational efficiency, enhances user experience, and enables personalized research support services. However, issues such as algorithmic bias, data privacy, digital ethics, and governance remain significant concerns. The paper further emphasizes the evolving role of librarians as facilitators, digital literacy educators, and guides in responsible AI usage. With the support of AI technologies, librarians can transform academic libraries into intelligent knowledge hubs that promote AI literacy, innovation, and advanced research support.

Introduction: Laparoscopic simple nephrectomy can be performed via transperitoneal or retroperitoneal approaches. The influence of surgical approach on early postoperative recovery remains under discussion. Material and methods: This retrospective comparative study included 50 patients undergoing laparoscopic simple nephrectomy between January 2025 and December 2025. Patients were divided into two groups: transperitoneal (n = 25) and retroperitoneal (n = 25). All procedures were performed by a single surgeon using a standardized technique. Outcomes analyzed included operative time, blood loss, time to oral intake, bowel recovery, postoperative pain (VAS), hospital stay, and cosmetic satisfaction. Results: The retroperitoneal approach demonstrated significantly faster bowel recovery (1.2 ± 0.4 vs. 2.1 ± 0.6 days; p < 0.001), earlier oral intake (1.1 ± 0.3 vs. 1.8 ± 0.5 days; p < 0.001), lower postoperative pain scores (VAS day 1: 3.1 ± 0.8 vs. 4.5 ± 1.0; p < 0.001), and shorter hospital stay (2.8 ± 0.7 vs. 4.0 ± 1.1 days; p < 0.001). Cosmetic satisfaction was significantly higher in the retroperitoneal group (p = 0.002). Operative time and blood loss were comparable. Conclusions: Retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy is associated with faster recovery, reduced pain, and superior cosmetic outcomes compared to the transperitoneal approach.

Background: Cancer encompasses a heterogeneous group of non-communicable diseases characterized by uncontrolled cellular proliferation that can arise in virtually any organ. Globally, the burden is projected to reach approximately 19.3 million new cases and 10.0 million deaths by 2030. Among these malignancies, colorectal cancer which originating in the colon or rectum, remains one of the most prevalent forms. Varying treatments for colorectal cancer ranging from surgery to chemotherapy are used, which are expensive with low efficacy. Active components from organic materials i.e., marine algae could be utilized as alternative treatment for cancer. One of these marine algae is the red algae species of Gracilaria sp., that is known as a producer of biologically active phytochemicals. Objective: To investigate the phytochemical profile and in vitro cytotoxic properties of the red algae Gracilaria sp. against HT-29 colon cancer cells. Methods: Cleaned and dried Gracilaria sp. biomass was finely pulverized into powder. Sequential multistage maceration was then performed using solvents of increasing polarity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol, yielding the corresponding n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanolic extracts, respectively. These extracts were subsequently subjected to phytochemical screening and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) to characterize their secondary metabolite profiles, followed by evaluation of their cytotoxic activity against HT-29 colon cancer cells using the MTT assay. Results: Seaweed Gracilaria sp. contains secondary metabolites of flavonoids, alkaloids, and triterpenoids. All extracts exhibited measurable cytotoxic effects against HT-29 colon cancer cells. The ethanolic extract demonstrated the highest activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 53.32 μg/mL. In contrast, the ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts displayed comparatively weak cytotoxicity, with IC₅₀ values of 107.58 μg/mL and 180.65 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Red algae of Glacilaria sp. should be further investigated as a new candidate of anti-colon cancer agent.

Education plays a significant role in shaping the personality and future life of students. Educational aspiration refers to the desire and ambition of students to achieve higher education and succeed in life. Social maturity is another important aspect of development which helps students adjust properly in society and maintain healthy interpersonal relationships. The present study aims to examine the influence of social maturity on educational aspiration among secondary level students. The study follows the descriptive survey method and uses standardized tools for data collection. The findings reveal a positive relationship between social maturity and educational aspiration. Students with higher social maturity tend to possess higher educational aspiration. The study also highlights various challenges affecting educational aspiration and provides suitable suggestions for improving social maturity among secondary level students

Quality enhancement and sustainability have emerged as strategic imperatives for higher education institutions (HEIs), particularly in developing economies such as India. With rapid expansion, diversification, and globalization of higher education, Indian HEIs face increasing pressure to ensure academic quality while simultaneously maintaining institutional, social, economic, and environmental sustainability. Despite extensive policy reforms and regulatory mechanisms, limited studies have conceptually integrated quality enhancement and sustainability within a unified framework in the Indian higher education context.This paper examines the interrelationship between quality enhancement and sustainability in higher education institutions, with specific reference to the Indian higher education system. Adopting a conceptual and descriptive research design based on secondary data, the study analyses key dimensions of quality, sustainability challenges, policy frameworks, and institutional strategies. Using thematic synthesis of existing literature and policy documents, a conceptual framework integrating quality enhancement mechanisms with sustainability outcomes is proposed.The study highlights that sustainable quality enhancement requires systemic governance reforms, digital transformation, faculty capacity building, stakeholder engagement, and strong alignment with national policies such as the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. The paper contributes to higher education policy discourse by offering a holistic and integrative framework applicable to Indian HEIs for achieving long-term excellence, resilience, and global relevance.

Due to the need to wean piglets with weights greater than 5 kg, the objective of this study was to provide three different mixtures to piglets up to 16 days of age, based on ingredients of plant and animal origin. Five sows with eight piglets each were selected. The starter feeds consisted of a mixture of commercial sugar, water, egg, ground bread, vegetable oil, and commercial feed stage 0 Milkiwean®. A completely randomized design and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05) were used. Differences in weaning weight were observed (P < 0.05), where piglets from sow #2 showed the highest average weaning weight (7.21 kg). No differences were observed between male and female weights at birth or weaning. The use of homemade ingredient mixtures during the first 16 days and weaning at 21 days at AgroproductoresAgrodim farm resulted in an average weaning weight of 6.24 kg.

This research arose from the observation that employees in the Cameroonian civil service show insufficient engagement at work. Several studies indicate that low work engagement has multiple consequences for organisations. Mowday and colleagues (1982) show that it contributes to increased stress and reduced vigilance; it also leads to reduced effort, lower performance and loss of efficiency (Aseron et al., 2020). Allen and Meyer (1996) argue that disengaged employees may become unpleasant and aggressive. In this context, the role played by the leader appears important for revitalising the organisational environment. The objective of this study is to show that transformational leadership predicts work engagement. A random sample of 179 employees in the city of Yaounde was selected. Data were collected using a questionnaire composed of measurement scales: work engagement was assessed using the Allen and Meyer (1993) scale, while transformational leadership was measured using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire developed by Bass and Avolio (2003). The results indicate that H1 (beta = 0.25; p < 0.05), H2 (beta = 0.26; p < 0.05), H3 (beta = 0.29; p < 0.05) and H4 (beta = 0.16; p < 0.05) are all significant. These findings show that transformational leadership predicts work engagement. The study concludes that leaders must lead by example in order to transform colleagues’ apathy into work engagement.

The perennial plant Luffa acutangula (Cucurbitaceae) is used extensively in the traditional Indian medical system to cure a variety of ailments. It is mostly found in India, Southeast Asia, China, Japan, Egypt, and other regions of Africa. Koshataki (Luffa acutangula) has long been valued for its ability to treat ailments like Gulma (abdominal tumors), Arsha (hemorrhoids), Kamala (jaundice), Kushtha (skin problems), etc. It has been mentioned for preparation of Kshar by Acharya Sushruta. Therapeutic applications of Koshataki is supported by contemporary phytochemical research, which has identified more than 50 bioactive substances, including as flavonoids, saponins, and anthraquinones, etc. The plant has strong antifungal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial qualities, according to pharmacological research. The phytochemistry, pharmacology, and medicinal potential of the plant are outlined in this paper.

Introduction: Brachiocephalic arteriovenous fistulae (BC AVF) are often preferred over distal fistulae in patients with borderline cephalic veins due to higher reported maturation rates. However, they are associated with increased complications and early utilization of proximal venous access. This study evaluates whether high radiocephalic (RC) AVF with technical modifications can achieve comparable outcomes. Material and methods: This retrospective comparative study included 50 patients with cephalic vein diameter 1.5–2 mm between January 2025 and December 2025. Patients were divided into two groups: High RC AVF (n=25), constructed using modified side-to-side anastomosis with selective intraoperative vein dilatation, and BC AVF (n=25), created using standard end-to-side technique. Primary outcome was functional maturation at 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes included time to maturation, complications, and need for secondary intervention. Results: Maturation rates were comparable between groups (72% vs 80%, p=0.51). The mean time to maturation was longer in the High RC group (44.2 ± 8.6 vs 38.5 ± 7.9 days, p=0.03). Overall complication rate was significantly lower in the High RC group (12% vs 36%, p=0.04). No cases of steal syndrome were observed in the High RC group. Conclusions: High RC AVF using optimized surgical techniques provides comparable maturation outcomes to BC AVF in borderline veins, with fewer complications and better preservation of proximal access.

End-of-life care (EOLC) represents a critical and often overlooked aspect of healthcare that focuses on providing comfort and dignity to individuals nearing the end of their lives. A peaceful and dignified death is the right of every person with a life-limiting illness. A ‘good death’ can be an outcome of a holistic approach towards the patients, taking into account their wishes, cultural background, ethical considerations alongside symptom management. Despite the high death rate due to chronic terminal illnesses, India seemingly lacks the capacity to provide end-of-life care (EOLC). As per the Economist Intelligence Unit report in 2015 India ranks 67th out of 80 countries which were studied for quality of death. The major factors that act as a barrier for practicing EOLC in developing countries include failure to recognize EOLC as a requirement of public health, lack of related systematic data, and lack of a national-level policy. To top it off legal ambiguity further deters physicians from initiating EOLC discussions, resulting in the initiation and continuation of invasive life-sustaining procedures at end-of-life. However, the duty of care for the physician is bound not only by the national laws but also the principles of professional ethics (autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice). The physician bears the duty to save a patient’s life, but this duty does not mean continuing a potentially non-beneficial or harmful treatment which can further increase the suffering of the patient and their caregivers. This type of care goes beyond the traditional curative model, prioritizing symptom relief, pain management, and psychosocial support for both patients and their families. Despite the advancements in healthcare systems worldwide, the provision of quality EOLC remains still inadequate in our country India. Moreover, the issue of inadequate EOLC is particularly significant in our country because of growing burden of chronic diseases and terminal illnesses, such as cancer, neurological disorders, and heart disease. However, the challenges such as resource limitations, cultural barriers, and insufficient training for healthcare professionals are making these decisions further difficult. Hence the need for well-structured and compassionate end-of-life care has become even more urgent. Although there have been efforts to address these issues through national guidelines and institutional policies, there remains a significant gap between what is recommended and what is practiced. The All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), one of the leading healthcare institutions in India, has developed a comprehensive policy on End-of-Life Care. We have used this policy as a gold standard for making our EOLC decisions. (Annexure – 1) This policy addresses the issue in four parts: (i) recognition of potentially non-beneficial or harmful treatment by physicians, (ii) consensus among all caregivers on potentially non-beneficial or harmful treatment and initiation of the best supportive care pathway, (iii) initiation of EOLC pathways, and (iv) symptom management and ongoing supportive care until death. This policy outlines best practices in symptom management, referral to palliative care services, communication with patients and families, and the importance of cultural sensitivity and psychological support. However, the implementation and adherence to these guidelines require regular evaluation to ensure they are being effectively followed in clinical practice. This clinical audit aims to have a standardized protocol in our unit and to assess the extent to which EOLC practices at AIIMS align with the institution’s established policy on EOLC at our centre. The audit specifically assessed key components such as futility criteria, consensus among treating physicians and the critical care team, agreement with family members regarding futility and documentation, types of EOLC decision and pre EOLC assessment process thereof. It also evaluated various end-of-life care (EOLC) decision-making processes, included no CPR, no intubation, no vasopressors, and no dialysis, no blood transfusion, no routine Labs, no higher antibiotics as well as compliance with documentation, of these parameters. Additionally, it reviewed checklist compliance for communication and initiation of end-of-life care. This audit aimed to identify areas where our policy was successfully implemented and those requiring improvement, contributing to the enhancement of EOLC quality at our centre. By systematically assessing the alignment between clinical practices and institutional policy, this audit intended to provide actionable recommendations for improving EOLC policies at our centre. Additionally, it may offer valuable insights for better application of EOLC in other healthcare settings across India.

Background: Reports of epidermoid cysts mimicking lipomas in the abdominal wall are exceedingly rare.Epidermoid cysts are common benign lesions, but giant variants in the anterior abdominal wall are rare and may clinically resemble lipomas. Giant epidermoid cysts in uncommon sites can pose diagnostic challenges, particularly when they mimic other benign soft tissue lesions. Case Presentation: We report a patient presenting with large, soft, mobile swellingover anterior abdominal wall swelling initially diagnosed as lipoma based on clinical and imaginative features.Surgical excision revealed a cystic lesion with keratinous debris. Histopathological examination revealed a Cystic wall lined by squamous epithelium containing keratin. Discussion: Giant epidermoid cysts in uncommon sites such as the abdominal wall are rarelydocumented. Clinical mimicry of lipomas poses a diagnostic pitfall, as both lesions present withslow growth and soft consistency.Imaging may be inconclusive, supporting the vitalrole of histopathology. Literature review reveals fewsimilarcases, emphasizing the rarity of thispresentation. Conclusion: This case highlights the uncommon occurrence of a giant epidermoidcyst over theanterior abdominal wallmimicking a lipoma. It emphasizes the importance of considering epidermoid cyst in the differential diagnosisof abdominal wall swellings and the necessity ofhistopathological confirmation for accurate diagnosis and management.

The utilization of agricultural and forestry residues represents a sustainable approach to the production of low-cost adsorbent materials. This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of activated carbons derived from corn cobs and wood sawdust. The carbonization and activation processes yielded porous materials with a high specific surface area and a good distribution of micropores and mesopores. The corn cob-based activated carbon exhibits a high iodine index (810.19 mg/g), indicative of high microporosity. With an ash content of 3.94% and a yield of 35%, this material stands out for its stability and effectiveness. The wood sawdust-based activated carbon has a high iodine index (600.34 mg/g), indicating good microporosity. It is characterized by an ash content of 3.11% and a yield of 28%. The physicochemical analyses conducted showed that the observed differences are related to the nature of the biomass. The results obtained open up prospects for improved pollutant adsorption and the reduction of the environmental impact of biomass waste.

The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has significantly increased the generation of sensitive user data through healthcare wearables, industrial sensors, smart transportation systems, and intelligent monitoring devices. Conventional centralized machine learning architectures require transfer of raw datasets to cloud servers, thereby increasing privacy risks and cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a decentralized machine learning paradigm that enables collaborative model training across distributed edge devices without exposing sensitive local data. The present study evaluated a privacy-preserving federated learning architecture integrated with secure aggregation and differential privacy techniques in decentralized IoT environments. Experimental analysis demonstrated progressive improvement in model accuracy, communication efficiency, and cybersecurity performance while minimizing privacy exposure risks. The findings indicate that federated learning can significantly contribute toward the development of secure, ethical, and scalable artificial intelligence systems for healthcare and smart IoT ecosystems.

In African literature, proverbs can also be regarded as one of the most common literary tools that reveal literary dimensions of works. In Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, a particular emphasis is placed on the study of proverbs as literary techniques. This article aims at revealing the relevance of African proverbs in literary works and their stylistic use as literary devices to understand happenings and facts in Achebe’s Things Fall Apart. The work is carried out in the view to discover how the use of proverbs is important in communication in African communities. As a result, this article examines how proverbs and adages help to educate, to counsel and to set conflict resolution. They are also employed for aesthetic and cultural preservation as in Things Fall Apart. Post-colonialism and structural-narratology are used as literary theories to study the events in the story.

The aim of this work is to link the first oxidation potential of a series of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) molecules to quantum chemistry descriptors with a view to designing new TTF molecules with more efficient first oxidation potentials. A QSPR (Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships) model has been developed. In this model, the first oxidation potential depends on three (03) parameters, namely the dipole moment (μ_D), the smallest Mulliken partial charge of the molecule (q^-) and the infrared (IR). This model showed very satisfactory statistical and validation parameters. Indeed,〖 R〗^2=0.9634 ;R_adj^2=0.9451;s=0.0245; F=52.6765 ; Q_LOO^2=0.9200 ; R_ext^2=0.9802 ; Q_ext^2=0.9603. These statistical and validation parameters reveal that the developed model is validated and performs well in predicting the first oxidation potential of new TTF molecules within its applicability domain. From now on, to design new TTF molecules with desired first oxidation potentials, it will suffice to adjust these three parameters of the developed model.